81st chemical mortar battalion
Since the prisoners were coming in at such a terrific rate, A and C Companies did not fire for fear that it might deter the Jerries from continuing to surrender. Counterattacks in this sector were heavy and fierce during this period and C Company did much to break them up by firing WP and HE. The company was highly commended for this work by Lt Col Calhoun, commanding officer, 50th Field Artillery Battalion. Today, they are seasoned veterans, proven in battle, equal to any combat soldiers in the Army. The latrine situation was quite a problem, and a helmet was used for a purpose other than the one for which it was intended. I, Bull. When the company joined this outfit at Les Hautes Vaux it was shocked to find very few of the old officers of this regiment left. Four battalions2nd, 3rd, 83rd, and 84thwere chosen to go ashore. The history was edited, annotated, and illustrated by Master Sergeant Walt Cross, U.S. Army Retired. The mortar business was picking up! During a reconnaissance near St. Sauveur on August 15, Lt Weaver captured seven more prisoners. Enemy artillery fire was heavy during the day and the infantry suffered heavy casualties. In September the mortar carts arrived, but still no mortars. Then things really began to happen. The specific orders were to break through and advance regardless of losses. At 0815 hours, D Company fired its first mission from German soil. Few will forget the obstacle course; but then also memorable were the swimming parties at Balmorhea and the company beer parties. https://www.historynet.com/wwii-commands-81st-chemical-mortar-battalion/, Jerrie Mock: Record-Breaking American Female Pilot. The battalion to this day consists largely of those Mississippi lads, although they could not be recognized as the raw, green recruits of those days. Pvt Kidwell distinguished himself by retrieving several men being carried away by the rising water, giving them first aid in complete disregard for his personal safety, and in spite of a wound he himself had suffered. The forward CP group, consisting of the battalion commander, S-2 and S-3 sections, had been moving with the V Corps CP. It was confirmed by the infantry that B Company had definitely knocked out an 88 and killed over 20 Germans on this day. Then one day someone discovered that you could fire a TNT-filled shell from the same muzzle -- and that day you said goodbye forever to clean labs and pretty colored chemicals, and became a soldier. Surprising as it may seem after three years and the usual drifting, transferring, and evacuation of personnel, a fair number of the original cadre were still with the battalion at the end of the war in Europe. The following day the infantry confirmed the destruction of two machine gun nests by the 4.2s. The nearest ships to the Capetown Castle in the convoy were the Empress of Australia and Monarch of Bermuda. Whether they produced battlefield images of the dead or daguerreotype portraits of common soldiers, []. When two LCVPs in which part of the battalion was landing sank from enemy shell hits, the men of the 81st Chemical Battalion transferred their mortars, ammunition, and equipment from their own landing craft to an LCM, and under constant shelling managed to land the equipment. More languages The 4th Division, to which A Company was attached, was facing a comparatively weak section of the Siegfried Line only two kilometers in depth. By this time, the artillery had come to know and respect the power of the 4.2 mortar, particularly because of the better support it could give the infantry in the hedgerow terrain. Lt Mohrfeld, platoon leader, 2nd platoon, was hit within a few minutes by machine gun fire and died shortly thereafter. On the Fourth of July, at exactly 1200 hours, all companies fired one round from each gun as a part of the great "Independence Day Shoot" along the whole front. Later in the evening it was found that nine men and two officers were missing; otherwise the company was intact. Here the company dug in for the night and concealed its equipment. U. S. ARMY81STCHEMICAL MORTAR BATTALION -The 81st Chemical Battalion (Motorized) was constitutedMarch 12, 1942 as an inactive unit and made active at Fort D. A. Russell, Texas onApril 25,1942 under the command of Lt ColThomsJames. The units to which some of the companies were attached were confronted with picked paratroop units, but these suffered such extremely heavy casualties from American mortar and artillery fire that one division with two-thirds of its strength casualties, had to be replaced. Few who participated will forget the regimental landings, firing from LCVPs, the company assault problems, the "hedgehog" at the Assault Training Center, or the exercises Duck 1 and 2, and exercises Fox and Fabius. Over the public address system the new arrivals were told how to behave in England and a little bit of what to expect there. The 81st was formed when the country was faced with the necessity of creating a highly trained, efficient army in a minimum of time. At St. Hubert on September 8, B Company received another memorable welcome. Oklahoma Dept. The Army closed that post on September 15, 1999, and all six (2nd, 3rd, 81st, 83rd, 86th, 91st) chemical mortar battalion monuments were moved to Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, along with other Chemical Corps monuments including that of the 1st Gas Regiment. CWO John W. Bundy, Hq Det, and S/Sgt Jack L. Rush, Company A, received orders awarding them battlefield appointments as second lieutenants, on July 29. Finally, the craft straightened out into waves and headed for Omaha Beach with all the speed and power they could muster. At this time, Lt Robert Mann and his platoon accomplished a magnificent feat. The 1st platoon left Clervaus at 0630 hours and moved into position near Sevenig, Germany at 0700 hour in support of the 2nd Battalion. Lt Weaver and Cpl Aaronson brought wounded dough boys in under cover during this barrage. On June 19, Lts Andrew Z. Baker of Company C, and Charles S. Gardner and Francis Fisher of Company A, were wounded by artillery fire while at the observation post - all by one shell burst. Cpl Morrison received shrapnel wounds during this period, which later led to his death. However, despite the intensive training program carried out by the battalion during this period, all personnel had sufficient time for recreation. 81st Chemical Mortar Battalion 84th Chemical Mortar Battalion 85th Chemical Mortar Battalions . Company B went into position southeast of Hascheid (Herscheid?) Cpl Emerson's bald head made a particularly good target, especially when he removed his helmet and bent over his aiming circle to lay in the guns. Lo was launched. It was here that the infantry reported to C Company that the bursting WP shells had sent hundreds of Germans screaming into the river to ease their burning flesh where particles of flaming phosphorous had struck them. Steady streams of POWs could be seen coming in, but resistance was still fierce. Russell, Texas, pursuant to GO #39, 14 April 1942, Hq Third Army, San Antonio, Texas, and War Department letter, 25 March 1942. The battalion also had its first taste of the infiltration course at this time. Lo. The town was literally pulverized and still burning. Many of the personnel found accommodations in nearby towns and brought their wives there to be near them. The history was edited, annotated, and illustrated by Master Sergeant Walt Cross, U.S. Army Retired. In driving the enemy from the coast of Normandy and across northern France, the mortars had expended a total of 31,949 rounds. ZU VERKAUFEN! Units Arriving 24 December from the North 5th Armored Division: Gen Lunsford E. Oliver - 10th Tank Battalion - 34th Tank Battalion - 81st Tank Battalion - 15th Armored Infantry Battalion - 46th Armored Infantry Battalion - 47th Armored Infantry Battalion - HHB Division Artillery - 47th Armored Field Artillery Battalion - 71st Armored Field [] Enemy rifle and machine gun fire came into the area from Soulet, a little town about 50 yards from the company area, where the enemy had been successful in capturing two American half-tracks. These positions were so well concealed by the terrain and foliage that the forward observer and his party, in order to observe and pinpoint the fire, took a squad of infantry as security and infiltrated 200 yards ahead of the infantry outpost to within 45 yards of the enemy; they were so close, in fact, that they could hear the enemy talking. This proved the 4.2 an effective weapon as far as this officer was concerned. DeLucia was a part of the 81st Chemical Mortar Battalion and was involved in five major battles during his time in Europe, including the Battle of Normandy. The beach was a tableau of chaos. The next day the commanding officer of the 175th Infantry issued instructions that all targets within range of the 4.2s be assigned to them. These men were justly awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for their bravery. Casualties for this period were 11 killed (five officers and six enlisted men), 25 wounded, and one captured. . For many members of the battalion this was the first experience with sea travel, and as a result, a few cases of mal-de-mer were experienced. Khrystyna is only 29 and is already a deputy commander of a mortar battery and holds the rank of senior lieutenant of the National Guard of Ukraine. A smoke mission was fired from this advanced position, with the infantry moving in under cover of the screen to take the town that day. Company A also was attached to the 175th on August 12. The 81st Chemical Mortar Battalion at Metz. Sign up to receive timely, useful information in your . How did this actually affect armies? Company D moved out on August 12, attached to their old friends the 175th Infantry, 29th Division. Download Images of Weapons, Us air force - Free for commercial use, no attribution required. Here the fighting was as fierce as the hedgerows, with the added advantage to the enemy of having prepared positions and strategically placed pillboxes with walls and roofs of steel-reinforced concrete six to 10 feet thick. On November 2, 1943, the Capetown Castle docked at Liverpool, England, amidst the music of an English regimental band and the cheering and waving of a mixed crowd, including ATS girls, soldiers, and the inevitable American MPs. This is the unit history of the 81st Chemical Mortar Battalion in World War II. During the first three days of these attacks, B Company kept pace with the infantry and was credited in one mission, fired late in the evening of August 11, with having knocked out two enemy tanks, killed or caused the surrender of a large number of the enemy, and with having forestalled a large-scale counterattack in the process of forming. His unit was chosen to go through the center of the city. There were two weaknesses. They were 2nd Lt Giles B. Harris, Cp. This is the unit history of the 81st Chemical Mortar Battalion in World War II. The A Company commander placed a shell on the roof of the house, and to check the lay of the guns, fired another round. We finally had our guns! The signal honor fell to C Company, and PFC Place was the lucky man to drop the round down the barrel while the battalion waited with bated breath. This was also the unit's first experience at living in the field for a prolonged period, and the chiggers, ticks, "piney woods rooters," snakes, and rain torrents of it all did their best to make it an arduous one. All these problems were considered rough, but it was found later that they were child's play compared to actual combat. The battalion was attached to the 28th Division for administrative purposes during its stay there. From activation until November of that year, the 81st Chemical Battalion was a battalion without mortars. A copy of the citation is given below: GENERAL ORDERS No. 6-8th Field Artillery Battalion: 24 M198. On the way many jeep tires were punctured due to nails having been strewn over the roads by the FFI to delay the retreating Germans. He had taken a stand behind a building and the Germans had apparently used tanks in destroying the building. For those interested in culture of a lighter vein, Civic Hall at Wolverhampton, the pubs at Stafford, Cannock, and other neighboring towns, served to keep all amused. The battalion traveled some 180 miles to reach these positions. Its advantages over the old mortar methods were soon proven in combat. The bravery of the medics in taking care of the wounded under fire was again proven by T/5s White and Marrin. Both the OP party and the communications section suffered casualties that day. At 0530 hours, on June 8, D Company aided in the bloody attack on Grand Champs les Bains and was credited with another enemy machine gun nest. Forces through Paris, although the 4th Division, with A and B Companies attached, had preceded them by two days. The screen, maintained for almost the entire day, was considered by those who observed it to be a model for the offensive employment of a smoke screen. The bivouacs at Smith Hills, with the night patrolling exercises, were all too realistic to some who were the victims of over-enthusiastic patrols looking for prisoners. On D plus 3 the company was detached from the 16th Infantry, 1st Division, and attached to the 3rd Battalion, 9th Infantry, 2nd Division. It afforded a good deal of amusement to have to drag the carts over hill and dale for miles just to "get the feel of it." The attack was a great success and a series of short, hard-won advances followed. The 81st Chemical Mortar Battalion (Motorized) was one of four Chemical Warfare Service units to land on Utah and Omaha beaches, Normandy, on the morning of 6 June 1944. It was through this section that the German blitz gained momentum to roll through France in 1940, and here also, where later, the famous Ardennes offensive broke through in December 1944. U. S. ARMY 81ST CHEMICAL MORTAR BATTALION - The 81st Chemical Battalion (Motorized) was constituted March 12, 1942 as an inactive unit and made active at Fort D. A. Russell, Texas on April 25, 1942 under the command of Lt Col Thoms James. Intelligence later reported that WP concentrations were so heavy that the enemy was forced to don their gas masks for protection against the acrid smoke. "Bed Check Charlie" came over every night. At 0720, D Company's craft beached on Easy Green in support of the 3rd Battalion, 116th Infantry, under an incessant hail of machine gun, mortar, and artillery fire. This company fired its first rounds on D plus 2 at enemy positions near Fosser Sancy. Here heavy artillery and mortar counter-battery fire was received, the heaviest since the hedgerows. The next day, its 4.2-inch mortars joined with those of Company B in shelling the Siegfried Line, as 4th Division GIs made their first assaults on that formidable defensive belt. Only one B Company jeep was landed, although another was later salvaged; all other vehicles were lost. The night of September 3 was an active one for B Company. Those that saw the town afterward will bear witness that the job was thoroughly done. . Maginn, Francis T. 1st Ranger Battalion 839 Maglothin, Willis I Company, 505th Parachute Infantry Regiment, 82nd Airborne Division 482 Magrath, John 10th Mountain Division 785 Mahaney 21st Fighter Group 217 Mahedy, Brian USS Hope 99 Maher, William F. General Wainwright's Staff 398 Mahon F Company, 274th Infantry Regiment, 70th Infantry Division 183 Click any thumbnail image to view a slideshow, Craig Criger, Superintendent At this time, C Company shelled and burned the town of Saint-Jean-des-Baisants. WENN DIE PFEIFE weht: Fuballbataillon im Ersten Weltkrieg (Hundertjhrige Auflage) - EUR 14,49. Within 10 minutes, 40 had been wounded and three killed. C Company bivouacked in an abandoned race track and many of the men were allowed to spend the evening in the city. Yet a more capable man than our Supreme Commander, General "Ike", would be difficult to find. staging area at Camp Shanks, New York. May show signs of minor shelf wear and contain limited notes and highlighting. On August 13, early in the morning, the kitchen jeep, hauling up breakfast and mail, was lost. During this move, PFC Rone was injured by an anti-personnel mine and later died. Home > Uncategorized > 81st chemical mortar battalion. Monday-Friday (excluding Holidays) It was during the next day that a C Company jeep struck a Teller mine. Company C moved north through Bastogne and then east through part of Luxembourg to cross the Our River into Germany on September 15. During one such barrage, A Company's Pvt. While on the road moving up, B Company's column was shelled by German artillery, but most of the rounds fell short, driving several of the enemy out of hiding and forcing the company to dismount for a time and act as infantry. There was no let-up in enemy resistance and on two occasions the company narrowly missed having numerous casualties. B Company had an unfortunate incident occur while attached to the 38th Infantry, 2nd Division. That really hurt. The constant drilling at the ATC resulted in doing automatically what was supposed to be done, without stopping to think of what was being faced. Three enemy OPs were destroyed as well as most of the personnel. One of the most outstanding missions was completed on September 16 when the company burned down the town of Roscheid, for many days a strong point and supply base for the enemy. All along the route of march, evidence of gratitude, welcome, and good will prevailed among the French people. And besides that, they had good beer! The next day the battalion moved through Belgium into France near Longwy and arrived that night at Brainville. The Germans had been trapped in a huge natural bowl, its outer fringe of hills controlled by our infantry. Several mortars and carts were carried away by the heavy seas. Company D, which had left in August, was fortunate to be sent over in the Queen Elizabeth which traveled alone, without escort of any kind, due to her speed; she made the trip in five days. The mess personnel had taken a wrong turn, found themselves in enemy territory, and were forced to abandon the vehicle. About 500 men from the land of turnip greens and cornbread were assigned to the battalion without any previous basic training. Passing over Hill 192, the company crossed the shell-pocked Saint Lo road and sought the safety of deep German foxholes, there to sweat out the Luftwaffe. These were retaken after a short battle. In early August, the 81st reassembled for its first formal rest period. Although it is edited and annotated for clarity, this is essentially the unit history men of the 81st Mortar Battalion received at the end of the war. Company A received some artillery fire when it came on to a hill overlooking the forest, but pulled back quickly a few hundred yards to a defensive position from which it fired harassing fire on a crossroad. Cologne (English: / k l o n / k-LOHN; German: Kln (); Klsch: Klle ()) is the largest city of the German western state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) and the fourth-most populous city of Germany with 1.1 million inhabitants in the city proper and 3.6 million people in the urban region.Centered on the left (west) bank of the Rhine, Cologne is about 35 km (22 mi) southeast of NRW . Col. James devised the insignia while the battalion was stationed at Texas. Savings & Featured Shops. It was here that the company was subjected to one of the heaviest shellings it ever experienced. The next night another fell in the FDC area, within 10 feet of the men in their holes; it harmed no one but set a jeep afire, and small arms ammunition exploded all over the area. 81st chemical mortar battalion. B Company moved into an assembly area on July 31, in which it came under one of the heaviest enemy shellings since D-Day, for while moving out of the area a very heavy concentration was laid in. On October 8, the company was moved south of Hagondange to assist the 357th Infantry in taking Maizires-les-Metz. Highways were jammed with convoys of troops moving after the enemy as fast as transport could carry them. It was remained there until July 26, when the British took over that sector. 73 WAR DEPARTMENT Washington 25, D.C. September 1944. Equipment and training aids were scarce and inadequate in those days, but American ingenuity at improvising when equipment was lacking paid dividends. The company moved from Heinstert to Weiderdange to Holler, arriving there on September 11. Number four mortar of the 1st platoon, Sgt Miller's squad, fired two rounds of HE, from the initial landing place, at a machine gun emplacement 500 yards away. This action caused a withdrawal for the time along the highway. The really big event of the firing in Texas was the battalion shoot at Turner's Ranch in February 1943, when the outfit was given permission to fire up all ammunition on hand. PFC Burgess, headquarters driver, walked several hundred yards into town where he picked up a piece of his steering wheel, all he could find of the truck to turn in for salvage. During the trip, the company passed through Vire and marveled at the damage done by air and artillery bombardment. The battalion was reorganized under a new Table of Organization on February 14, 1944, and the 376 men rendered surplus by this reorganization were transferred in grade to the 92nd Chemical Battalion then being formed. On September 16, the enemy was still being engaged by our infantry in the woods a few hundred yards from B Company's position. To give a thorough account of the accomplishments of the Eighty-First Chemical Mortar Battalion would take thousands of pages. A general idea as to the difficulties encountered due to lack of training equipment can be had when one considers that for a long period of time the battalion's ammunition dump contained exactly 25 rounds of FS for training purposes. Many observers rave about their "dream shots." Crap games started everywhere. Major Johnson (then Captain), being the senior officer ashore, took command of the assault echelon until the rear echelon arrived. Badly needed replacement officers and men joined the companies at this time. 107th Military Intelligence Battalion (CEWI): 7th Military Police Company: AbeBooks.com: Unit History of the 81st Chemical Mortar Battalion in World War II: A+ Customer service! In the invasion of France, the mission of the 81st Chemical Battalion was to furnish close mortar support for the two leading assault regiments. German dead lined the roads and hedgerows where a bicycle company had been ambushed by the 115th, but before the night ended there were many American dead there also. Company A fired continuously from a sea of mud for the next few days. For this reason they were also called the "Four-deucers". Thanks to deep foxholes and overhead cover the casualties were few. The battalion (less Company D) was alerted for overseas shipment on September 30, 1943, and at once plunged into the feverish activity of its P.O.M. Deals Shop All Deals Up to 40% off Luggage and Travel Accessories Up to 20% off Gaming Flash Picks Rollbacks Clearance Tech Patio & Garden Home Sports & Outdoors Furniture Pets Toys Apparel Auto Phones & Smart Watches Stock Up Essentials Video Games & Media Kitchen & Dining Baby Home Improvement Floor Care Wellness & Personal Care Beauty & Grooming Outdoor Play Office . All companies participated in the AA firing at Newquay with the .50 cal. machine gun, and in intensive mortar shoots at Exmoor range in North Devon and at Canford Heath near Poole. Companies A, B and D had been attached to the 2nd Division, while Company C was supporting the 35th Division. Despite the defilade, Jerry constantly sought to shell the position with fire from high-angle artillery, mortars, and "screaming meemies." Despite an extremely heavy sea and the continual harassing fire from enemy machine guns and other direct-fire weapons, all personnel and equipment were safely transferred to an empty LCT. How prophetic those words were will be proven in the pages to follow. The cultural points of interest were Penkridge Church, Litchfield Cathedral, and Hatherton Hall. The commanding officer of the 2nd Battalion, 109th Infantry, was rescued by the company's fire on September 18 when pinned down by fire from enemy automatic weapons. While attached to the 10th Infantry, 5th Division, on July 30, the company silenced a machine gun near Coutu and helped to break up an enemy counterattack, which was severely punishing and driving back our infantry. Everyone was quiet and tense until the band started playing "Dixie" and then every Rebel throat in the battalion, plus a few renegade Yankees, took up the tune while marching up the gangplank, loaded down with what seemed to be a ton of equipment. The spout of smoke and flame was added to signify our future mission of smoking and burning the enemy. The following day the rear echelon rejoined the 2nd Division CP. 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