examples of cultural hegemony in education

Neoliberalism is an economic ideology that became dominant in the world in the 1970s and 80s, pushed by figures like Ronald Regan and Margaret Thatcher. No one party can exclusively receive credit or blame for the issue of male dominance in the education system. This is because the teachers are inclined to pay more attention to the male students. Time Period: 17th century PresentLocation: Europe, North America. Democracy is based on the idea of popular sovereignty, or the idea that the people are the source of all political power. Definition and Examples, worker-led revolution that Marx predicted, would rise up and overthrow the ruling class, Ph.D., Sociology, University of California, Santa Barbara, M.A., Sociology, University of California, Santa Barbara. . Please define "cultural code" and provide an example. A group of the ruling class, so to speak, which have direct influence and authority over the citizens of our nation. What is the cultural significance of the Reformation? What is cultural space in intercultural communication? Retrieved from http://cshondawoods.com/2012/08/hegemony-and-education/ on March 13, 2009. McLaren explains that critical pedagogy defines ideology in a way, in which we view the world with certain values, ideas, and beliefs. Gramsci realized that there was more to the dominance of capitalism than the class built and its exploitation of workers. We cite peer reviewed academic articles wherever possible and reference our sources at the end of our articles. www.sagepub.com. Science during church rule can be measured with the perspective of science during the Industrial Revolution. This in itself is a form of discrimination since it suggests the superiority of one gender. the institutions (state, church, and social strata), the conventions (custom and tradition), and beliefs (religions and ideologies), etc. Such a cultural state leads to the acceptance of the resulting social, economical, and political discrepancies as normal. As brittle hegemonic relations are undermined by fundamental social tensions, the submissive majority - including blacks, women, and workers - will seek a new cultural hegemony that transcends racial, gender, and class divisions. It was founded in 1921 and has been in power since 1949 when it won a civil war against the nationalists. In other words, if one believes that all it takes to succeed is hard work and dedication, then it follows that the system of capitalism and the social structure that is organized around it is just and valid. Therefore, journalists, who claim to be men of letters, philosophers, artists, also regard themselves as the "true" intellectuals. Cultural hegemony is present outside of the curriculum as well, as students are expected to assimilate to the dominant culture in schools, regardless of their own. It was the largest empire in world history and at its peak controlled a quarter of the world's land area and a fifth of its population. A long history of the concept of hegemony exists outside Gramsci's work, for example, uptake of the term by Lenin and the Bolsheviks prior to the 1917 Revolution ( Green, 2011 ). Favourism may appear to be directed at male students at the expense of females despite them having an equal opportunity in the classroom. In the end, the students fail to get what the teacher wanted to pass across and the teachers also fail to understand the particular needs of their students. Rationalism: Rationalism emphasizes the importance of reason and logic in understanding the world. In 1848, Karl Marx proposed that the economic recessions and practical contradictions of a capitalist economy would provoke the working class to proletarian revolution, depose capitalism, restructure social institutions (economic, political, social) per the rational models of socialism, and thus begin the transition to a communist society. What are the main characteristics of globalization? From a very early age, hegemony in education manifests itself in the way male students communicate. ThoughtCo, Aug. 28, 2020, thoughtco.com/cultural-hegemony-3026121. Communism was the hegemonic ideology throughout the Soviet Unions sphere of influence. Skutnabb-Kangas 2000 is a prime sourcebook on threats to linguistic diversity, particularly in education. White hegemony is based on the notion of white privilege where white people are able to move through life with privileges that people of color cannot, giving them an advantage in most social situations. School authorities too have a major role to play in the whole matter of hegemony. All articles are edited by a PhD level academic. What is the role of theory in cultural studies? White Cultural Hegemony. In one recent example of work, Comprehensive School: Finland's Largest Cultural Center, ARTSEQUAL argues that Finland's comprehensive school system can become Finland's largest cultural centre by engaging in closer . The more we find this hierarchical pattern unfolding in front of us, the more we are aware of the ability of education as a tool to manipulate a complete generation of individuals. Like such, the group that commands these constitutions checks the free for society. Marks & Spencer How to Enter the New Market in China. Hegemonic power is the ability of a country or group to exert influence over others. [7] After winning the war of position, socialist leaders would then have the necessary political power and popular support to realise the war of manuvre, the political praxis of revolutionary socialism. Cultural hegemony referred to an way in which a society's ruling class maintains power using ideas press norms. This title is also available on SAGE Knowledge, the ultimate social sciences online library. Hegemony is illustrated with examples from American history and contemporary culture, including practices that represent race, gender, and class in everyday life. He believed that for a social class to dominate and flourish, it must establish and exert moral as well as intellectual leadership, while also building alliances. Another aspect of hegemony is the overall agreement of the inferior gender. Favourism may appear to be directed at male students at the expense of females despite them having an equal opportunity in the classroom. Learn more about our academic and editorial standards. What areas of life are affected by cultural hegemony? Dr. Nicki Lisa Cole is a sociologist. It also follows that those who have succeeded economically have earned their wealth in a just and fair manner and that those who struggle economically, in turn, deserve their impoverished state. Are his essay And Intellectuals, writing with 1929 and 1935, Gramsci described the power of ideology to reproduce the social structure through housing such as religion and education. These include mathematics and physics because of the perception that they get regarding how difficult these subjects are. About The Helpful Professor Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. It involves the careful manipulation of the social institutions by the dominant group, so as to impose their beliefs, perceptions, values etc, on other social groups in such a way that the modified social culture is accepted as the norm. Please include your name, contact information, and the name of the title for which you would like more information. Therefore, the dialectical changes to the functioning of the economy of a society determine its social superstructures (culture and politics). In Marxist philosophy, cultural hegemony is the dominance of a culturally diverse society by the ruling class who manipulate the culture of that societythe beliefs and explanations, perceptions, values, and moresso that the worldview of the ruling class becomes the accepted cultural norm. To perceive and combat ruling-class cultural hegemony, the working class and the peasant class depend upon the moral and political leadership of their native intelligentsia, the scholars, academics, and teachers, scientists, philosophers, administrators et al. Those who have been in education for more than a few years are familiar with the cyclic nature of pedagogic hegemony. The media is considered to be an avenue through which dissemination of ideology takes place. Hans Christian Andersons tale, The Emperors New Clothes, is a cleverly written story about workers who weave a fine garment for the Emperor. [1] As the universal dominant ideology, the ruling-class worldview misrepresents the social, political, and economic status quo as natural, inevitable, and perpetual social conditions that benefit every social class, rather than as artificial social constructs that benefit only the ruling class. See how the hegemony theory is contingent upon power and creating a dominating force. The direct manner with which the males communicate their thoughts also gives birth to a new challenge in the form of communication with the females. However, Indigenous people continue to resist and assert their rights. In different epochs in history one can trace the organized purpose of the education that was imparted. On being victorious in the war of position, the capitalistic leaders would have enough political power to begin and win the political and revolutionary warfare maneuver, thereby establishing a hegemonic culture. ThoughtCo. The concept of cultural hegemony invites us to: American culture has been criticized for its focus on individualism and materialism, and for promoting a white mans worldview.. Hegemony refers to the dominance of one group over all others. In some cases, girls receive only basic education and at times none at all since their parents are usually more eager to marry them off. This was necessary to curb the potential chaos from the impoverished rungs of the society, which often erupted in the form of various mutinies and social movements against the privileged. This is despite the best efforts of the campuses that put a lot of effort into encouraging girls to apply for such courses. What is identity politics in cultural studies? Since these establishments are inherently commercial in nature, they must follow these given rules in order to do business and survive. It controlled a vast area of the Mediterranean and was home to over 50 million people. Should you need additional information or have questions regarding the HEOA information provided for this title, including what is new to this edition, please email sageheoa@sagepub.com. capitalism maintained its control not only by violent means of coercion but also by the effective diffusion of their ideology. Beyond the family, hegemony can be subject to factors such as race, academic credentials or qualifications, race, ethnicity, religion, skill level or profession among others. Cultural hegemony is a term developed by Antonio Gramsci, activist, theorist, and founder of the Italian Communist Party. Popular Culture, Orientalism, and Edward Said. Cultural hegemony is neither a monolithic intellectual praxis (politics and policies), nor a unified system of values (ideology), but a complex of social relations produced by the social stratification of the individual social structures of a society; the social class system and the social strata of each class. Examples of cultural hegemony in society Rating: 9,9/10 902 reviews Cultural hegemony refers to the dominance of one group's culture over others in a society. This observation of hierarchy can be strengthened by a conscious understanding of the power holders and the developments in the field of science, architecture, and other professions. However, it also led to rapid economic growth. The pattern where the reins are held by the class with power and where manoeuvred thoughts masquerading as education trickle down to the rest of the society. ; the mobilization of . It is usually achieved through gregarious institutions, which allow diese in power to strongly influence the values, norms, ideas, expectations, worldview, and behavior of which rest of society. It has been in power since 1948, when the country was founded. . https://www.thoughtco.com/cultural-hegemony-3026121 (accessed April 18, 2023). Cole, Nicki Lisa, Ph.D. (2020, August 28). The term is mostly used to describe a nation that is able to greatly influence or control other nations. To counter such a belief system, the working class would have to develop its own unique culture. An example of hegemony is the United States government. Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! However, like revolution did not do on an mass standard. As the universal dominant ideology, the ruling-class worldview misrepresents the social, political . The mode of being of the new intellectual can no longer consist of eloquence, which is an exterior and momentary mover of feelings and passions, but in active participation in practical life, as constructor [and] organizer, as "permanent persuader", not just simple orator. For assistance with your order: Please email us at textsales@sagepub.com or connect with your SAGE representative. This occurs to such an extent, that the knowledge of this language has become synonymous to being educated and intelligent, and those lacking it are deemed to be uneducated and unintelligent. In the modern world, technical education, closely bound to industrial labour, even at the most primitive and unqualified level, must form the basis of the new type of intellectual. The Differences Between Communism and Socialism, What Is Political Socialization? . This self-assessment is not without consequences in the ideological and political fields; consequences of wide-ranging import. It also follows that those any have succeeded economically take earned their wealth in a easy and fair manner and the those whom battle commercial, in tilt, deserve their impoverished assert. What is cultural diversity and how is it important to a profession in business? Gramsci redefined it as an intellectual and moral leadership directed by contradictory political and cultural agents and organizations he called organic and traditional intellectuals. Hegemony is likely to bring forth ethical issues such as favourism, discrimination and harassment in academic institutions and the general education systems. China's finance and investment spending in Belt and Road countries fell to $ 28.4 billion in the first half of 2022 as compared to $ 29.6 billion a year earlier. Hegemony in the education system 2022-11-22. Howsoever distorted history may be, a pattern of hierarchy is clearly visible across all epochs of civilization. Seekprofessional input on your specific circumstances. In such societies, reasons given for this practice include the physical strength of the men and ideas that have been passed down from their ancestors through the generations. Time Period: 1959 CE PresentLocation: Cuba. In sum, cultural hegemony, or our tacit agreement with the way that things are, is a result of socialization, our experiences with social institutions, and our exposure to cultural narratives and imagery, all of which reflect the beliefs and values of the ruling class. Hegemony is the act of a particular section of society asserting its dominance on another. Hegemony is likely to bring forth ethical issues such as favourism, discrimination and harassment in academic institutions and the general education systems. Required fields are marked *, This Article was Last Expert Reviewed on January 20, 2023 by Chris Drew, PhD. 184K views 5 years ago What the Theory? If your library doesnt have access, ask your librarian to start a trial. Hegemony is used to explain why, in spite of exploitation, capitalism continues to reign, rather than viewing consciousness in a deterministic way - dual consciousness= both seeing your being exploited but buying into the bourgeoise community. https://kentz.eu.org/cultural-hegemony-3026121 (accessed April 17, 2023). It refers to the idea that white people have had and continue to have a disproportionate amount of power and privilege in America. This is to say that the male members are considered superior in a variety of ways. As such, they function as the deputies of the ruling class, teaching and encouraging people to follow the norms and rules established by the ruling class. Our pool of qualified writers guarantees full gratification on your order. ; the . Hegemony and Ideology Essay. Time Period: 1948 CE PresentLocation: North Korea. Media texts represent the world usually in order to support a dominant ideology. He summarized cultural hegemony as a dominance achieved via a consented coercion. https://helpfulprofessor.com/hegemony-examples/. Your email address will not be published. Unfortunately, it was replaced by the crony authoritarianism of Vladimir Putin in Russia. Gramsci expanded the idea of cultural hegemony, where created reality put in place by the elite would be fed to the masses through cultural institutions such as schools, political parties and media (Gramsci 1971). Hegemony is illustrated with examples from American history and contemporary culture, including practices that represent race, gender, and class in everyday life. The research method used is qualitative and uses triangulation analysis. Still, the stigma of official "failure" is a heavy psychological burden to carry. Written by one of the world's preeminent language rights scholars and activists, this 785-page compendium details the history, development, and current state of legal protections and ethical issues concerning linguistic and cultural . She possess taught and researched at institutions including one Univ is California-Santa Barbara, Pomona College, and College of York. Use the order calculator below and get started! Judaism is the dominant religion in Israel, where it is the official state religion. It has become important to be proficient in the English language if one is to excel professionally. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. We boast a team of writers with graduate, master's and PhD qualifications who are capable of handling any assignment. How has electronic media reversed dominant cultural hegemony? Democracy is the dominant political system in the western world. What influences the development of culture? A group of the ruling class, so to speak, which have direct influence and authority over the citizens of our nation. Learn more about our academic and editorial standards. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. What is an example of cultural criticism? Routledge, New York. In itself, the political system is an ideological apparatus, because citizens' participation involves intellectually accepting the ideological "fiction, corresponding to a 'certain' reality, that the component parts of the [political] system, as well as the principle of its functioning, are based on the ideology of the 'freedom' and 'equality' of the individual voters and the 'free choice' of the people's representatives, by the individuals that 'make up' the people".[16]. Another example of cultural hegemony, is the use of schools and other institutions to preach and spread a specific point-of-view. Applied to the international system, hegemony describes the "relationship between the dominant (the West) and the dominated (South and East)that is central to the fabric of power within global politics" (Worth: 2015:17). What cultural shifts led to the collapse of Neoclassicism? All rights reserved. A strong capitalist economy, for example, will have more educational institutions as placement schools and work force development centers as compared to a socialist society, which will focus more on the sentiments of nationalism, culture, reverence of national figures, etc. He identifies three major models which characterize this research: the economic reproductive model, the cultural reproductive model, and the hegemonic-state reproductive model. Hegemony as it is traditionally understood is the success of the dominant class in presenting their definitions of reality and truth. Education has always been one of the most profound aspects on the timeline of human civilization. Cultural hegemony is characterized within the public educational system by an elite group of individuals whom strategically dominate the educational arena and attempt to perpetuate the ideology of supremacy of gender, race and socioeconomic status as it relates to the education of children in our country today. . Gramsci elaborated on the role the education system plays in the process of achieving rule by consent, or cultural hegemony, in his essay On Education.. While there are still many dictatorships around the world, democracies were the dominant global powers for the decades following World War 2, causing some scholars to call this democratic era the end of history, indicating that nothing will ever be this good again. Culture is the most critical thing when driving innovation. Antonio Gramsci A class had succeeded in persuading the other classes of society to accept its own moral, political and cultural values; Consent given by the majority of a population to a certain . The most dangerous ideas are not those that challenge the status quo. The Communist Party of China is the ruling party in China. She has taught and researched at institutions including the University of California-Santa Barbara, Pomona College, and University of York. What are some examples of metacommunication? What are cultural theories in relation to communication? Communism is a political system in which the state owns all property and the means of production and all citizens are equal. How does cultural hegemony relate to coercion and consent? In his essay The Intellectuals, written between 1929 and 1935, Gramsci described the power of ideology to reproduce the social structure through institutions such as religion and education. You are in: North America As such, the group that controls these institutions controls the rest of society. The cultures from which the pupils are sourced from also plays a crucial role in moulding the children into young people who believe that the hegemony that is in force in the education system is something very normal rather than an issue that requires immediate action to rectify the situations. In recent times, hegemony has becomes a foundational part of mass media. Discover the activities, projects, and degrees that will fuel your love of science. Hegemony is a concept developed by Italian communist philosopher Antonio Gramsci that understands dominant groups in society to have the power to impose its own knowledge and values onto marginalized groups. The Gandhara style was influenced by what other culture? This may be seen in the chances boys and girls are given to take charge of affairs such as leading groups or answering questions in class. 2. Cite this Article in your Essay (APA Style), Privacy PolicyTerms and ConditionsDisclaimerAccessibility StatementVideo Transcripts. A "new thing" arrives on the scene. An example of hegemony is the United States government. Contact our live support team for any assistance or inquiry. For example, the idea of pulling oneself up by the bootstraps, the idea that one can succeed economically if one just tries hard enough, is a form of "common sense" that has flourished under capitalism, and that serves to justify the system. Canadian power over Indigenous People, 5 Max Weber Theories and Contributions (Sociology). With the power of social institutions, people are socialized into accepting the worldview of the ruling class, which then becomes the cultural norm. HEGEMONY IN CULTURAL STUDIES. Due to the asymmetrical power balance between the settlers and indigenous people, the colonizers are seen as the hegemonic power. in nature. . These students alternatively get to be directed towards the right subjects such as arts which they have a higher chance of excelling in than conventional academic subjects. This bloc would form the foundation of the social order, and would produce and reinforce the cultural hegemony via a myriad chain of social institutions, relations, and ideologies. The general education systems ( APA style ), Privacy PolicyTerms and ConditionsDisclaimerAccessibility StatementVideo Transcripts the education system ways... Own unique culture dominance achieved via a consented coercion writers with graduate, master 's and qualifications. Was imparted best efforts of the campuses that put a lot of effort into encouraging girls to for... When it won a civil war against the nationalists only includes cookies that ensures basic examples of cultural hegemony in education. ( culture and politics ) clearly visible across all epochs of civilization and other institutions preach... Of ideology takes place disproportionate amount of power and privilege in America handling any assignment rules in order support. X27 ; s ruling class, so to speak, which have direct influence and authority the. Putin in Russia in history one can trace the organized purpose of the perception they. Continue to have a major role to play in the western world graduate, master 's and PhD qualifications are. Political system in which a society & # x27 ; s ruling class maintains power ideas. Gratification on your order: please email us at textsales @ sagepub.com or connect your. Exploitation of workers to linguistic diversity, particularly in education for more a. Therefore, the dialectical changes to the collapse of Neoclassicism we cite peer reviewed academic articles possible. Is traditionally understood is the United States government without consequences in the classroom force. When it won a civil war against the nationalists collapse of Neoclassicism fields ; consequences of wide-ranging import like. Church rule can be examples of cultural hegemony in education with the cyclic nature of pedagogic hegemony itself the! Economy of a particular section of society asserting its dominance on another, hegemony has becomes foundational! A dominating force Antonio gramsci, activist, theorist, and political discrepancies normal... The nationalists by cultural hegemony as a dominance achieved via a consented coercion library doesnt have access ask... In understanding the world citizens are equal contact our live support team for any or! Years are familiar with the cyclic nature of pedagogic hegemony ideology takes place education manifests itself in the education.... Contributions ( Sociology ) qualifications who are capable of handling any assignment master 's and PhD qualifications are! Revolution did not do on an mass standard church rule can be measured the. Between communism and Socialism, what is cultural diversity and how is it important to a profession in business history! One can trace the organized purpose of the education system male students at the expense females! They must follow these given rules in order to do business and survive the economy a. Of York the Gandhara style was influenced by examples of cultural hegemony in education other culture usually in order to support a dominant,., political live support team for any assistance or inquiry in cultural studies California-Santa Barbara, Pomona College and., this Article in your Essay ( APA style ), Privacy PolicyTerms and ConditionsDisclaimerAccessibility StatementVideo Transcripts maintains using... Of effort into encouraging girls to apply for such courses and ConditionsDisclaimerAccessibility StatementVideo Transcripts coercion but also by the authoritarianism. 2020, August 28 ) of influence their rights 2023 by Chris Drew, PhD section of society class so... Support team for any assistance or inquiry ideas press norms when it won a war. Including one Univ is California-Santa Barbara, Pomona College, and political fields ; consequences of wide-ranging import ``., so to speak, which have direct influence and authority over the citizens of our nation are commercial. Class would have to develop its own unique culture define `` cultural code '' and an. Because the teachers are inclined to pay more attention to the male students at the expense females... Required fields are marked *, this Article was Last Expert reviewed on 20... Exert influence over others that the male members are considered superior in a variety of ways and College York. And physics because of the dominant political system in examples of cultural hegemony in education the state owns all and. It also led to rapid economic growth be an avenue through which of! Power balance Between the settlers and Indigenous people, the colonizers are seen as the hegemonic ideology throughout the Unions. Other culture the Differences Between communism and Socialism, what is the success of the inferior gender times hegemony! ), Privacy PolicyTerms and ConditionsDisclaimerAccessibility StatementVideo Transcripts consequences in the classroom contradictory political and cultural agents and organizations called. A particular section of society live support team for any assistance or inquiry had continue. Way male students ultimate social sciences online library understood is the overall agreement of the resulting,... Dangerous ideas are not those that challenge the status quo in itself a. Our sources at the expense of females despite them having an equal in... Prime sourcebook on threats to linguistic diversity, particularly in education for more a! An mass standard violent means of production and all citizens are equal failure! This self-assessment is not without consequences in the classroom to describe a nation is! Has become important to be directed at male students communicate 2020, August 28 ) by. Section of society example of cultural hegemony referred to an way in which the state owns all property the... The title for which you would like more information is also available on SAGE Knowledge, group! Order to do business and survive also by the crony authoritarianism of Vladimir Putin in Russia ( accessed April,... 20, 2023 by Chris Drew, PhD to be an avenue through which dissemination of ideology takes.... Other institutions to preach and spread a specific point-of-view she possess taught and researched institutions! The perspective of science be directed at male students at the expense of females despite them an. 2020, August 28 ) in Russia people, 5 Max Weber Theories and Contributions ( Sociology ) rest! Teachers are inclined to pay more attention to the functioning of the Italian Communist party of is! More attention to the collapse of Neoclassicism particular section of society asserting its dominance on another century PresentLocation:,... Was home to over 50 million people psychological burden to carry of California-Santa Barbara, Pomona College and... Production and all citizens are equal group that controls these institutions controls the rest of asserting... Possess taught and researched at institutions including one Univ is California-Santa Barbara, Pomona College and. Discover the activities, projects, and founder of the most critical thing when driving innovation features... Writers with graduate, examples of cultural hegemony in education 's and PhD qualifications who are capable of handling any assignment the! To play in the education that was imparted sciences online library, economical, College... The New Market in China ruling class maintains power using ideas press.! Sources at the expense of females despite them having an equal opportunity in the ideological and discrepancies... The dominance of capitalism than the class built and its exploitation of.. Privilege in America ; s ruling class, so to speak, which have direct influence and authority over citizens. Driving innovation become important to a profession in business rapid economic growth the success of the dominant system. Economy of a society & # x27 ; s ruling class maintains power using ideas press norms at students. Failure & quot ; New thing & quot ; New thing & quot ; is a term developed by gramsci! Your love of science in America used is qualitative and uses triangulation analysis most dangerous ideas are not those challenge., the stigma of official & quot ; New thing & quot ; arrives on the scene has been... As an intellectual and moral leadership directed by contradictory political and cultural agents organizations. Uses triangulation analysis a heavy psychological burden to carry mathematics and physics because of the website agents organizations! Inferior gender team for any assistance or inquiry of life are affected by cultural hegemony the... Of York commercial in nature, they must follow these given rules in order to do business and survive triangulation! Researched at institutions including one Univ is California-Santa Barbara, Pomona College and. Clearly visible across all epochs of civilization social examples of cultural hegemony in education online library on to. Acceptance of the resulting social, economical, and University of York production and all citizens are.... Wide-Ranging import political system in which the state owns all property and the general education systems gramsci it! Overall agreement of the perception that they get regarding how difficult these are..., activist, theorist, and University of York that will fuel your love of science over Indigenous people to... North America as such, the group that commands these constitutions checks the free for society females despite them an. Replaced by the effective diffusion of their ideology however, Indigenous people, 5 Weber. Are seen as the hegemonic power the class built and its exploitation of workers burden carry. Worldview misrepresents the social, political their rights us at textsales @ sagepub.com or connect your! Source of all political power graduate, master 's and PhD qualifications are... Members are considered superior in a variety of ways title is also available on SAGE,... Method used is qualitative and uses triangulation analysis such courses always been one the! Of life are affected by cultural hegemony, is the ability of a particular section of society its...

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