what is similar about the deaths in france and poland ww2
WW2 German Death Card Sterbebild Grenadier Regt EK2 1944 France (Normandy) $25.63 + $13.18 shipping . He is a Professor of Sociology in the Social Science Division of the University of New Hampshire at Manchester. The French and the British had an almost 5 - 1 manpower advantage, overwhelming air, land and sea superiority and could have been in Berlin in three days time if they attacked, but they chose not to. "Poland in the Second World War." The Polish army fought very well, even though it was vastly outnumbered and heavily outgunned. A version of this story appeared in Science, Vol 373, Issue 6557. The invation is also known in Poland as the September campaign ( Polish: kampania wrzeniowa) or 1939 defensive war (Polish: wojna obronna 1939 roku) and known in Germany as the Poland campaign ( German: berfall auf Polen, Polenfeldzug ). [17], B. [33] Richard C. Lukas points out To be sure, the Poles would have starved to death if they had to depend on the food rationed to them. The Polish strategy was to try to preserve the bulk of its army for this future planned offensive, while defending the country. Institute of National Remembrance (IPN), Warszawa 2009, ISBN978-83-7629-067-6. Most Polish citizens who perished in the war were civilian victims of the war crimes and crimes against humanity during the occupation by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union. Social relations with Germans outside work were forbidden, and sexual relations ("racial defilement") were considered a capital crime punishable by death. Soviet Union . [61] The nations of western Europe, however great their suffering from occupation, escaped with manpower losses that were hardly comparable with those of World War I. The majority of the casualties were civilians who fell victims to crimes against humanity and war crimes during the Soviet Union and Nazi occupation. 621, Grzegorz Motyka, Od rzezi woyskiej do akcji "Wisa". In Warsaw, between 1942 and 1944, there were approximately 400 daily victims of apankas. They pointed out that Czesaw uczak estimated the total population loss at 500,000 ethnic Poles in the Soviet occupied regions. Dispropaganda is 100% independent non partisan and non profit, in order to keep the site up we rely on financial supprt from our readers. MLA Citation: Similar Countries Ranked by Death Rate. When the Soviet forces returned to Poland in 1944-1945 there was a new wave of repression of Polish citizens from all ethnic groups including 188,000 deported, 50,000 conscripted as forced labor and 50,000 arrested. Mainly for this reason, estimates of total dead in World War II vary anywhere from 35,000,000 to 60,000,000a statistical difference of no small import. Despite the western betrayal, If Russia had not invaded Poland in 17 September, 1939, Poland would have dragged the fighting for many more weeks. China primary fought Japan in the Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937-1945. The estimates for losses of the Jewish population in the Holocaust range from 2.7 million to 3.4 million persons. Straty osobowe i ofiary represji pod dwiema okupacjami. Farmers were murdered during pacifications of villages. Psychiatric patients were executed in Action T4. The IPN maintains that accurate figures for these losses are not available because of border changes and population transfers, according to their figures 308,000 Polish citizens from the ethnic minorities were deported into the interior of the Soviet Union and were conscripted into the Soviet armed forces. [79], Source of figures: Bajer, Kazimierz Zakres udziau Polakw w walce o niepodlego na obszarze pastwa polskiego w latach 1939-1945, "Zeszyty Historyczne Stowarzyszenia onierzy Armii Krajowej", (Krakw) 1996 Pages 1013, A. WW2 German Death Card Sterbebild Poland 3rd Sept 1939 Krakow Band Tunic . The fact they betrayed Poland and did nothing else for eight long month until Germany invaded France on May 10, 1940 has been conveniently forgotten by many and almost airbrushed out of the general historical memory. per capita, the Government General region produced only 202.7 kg. Polska 19391945. Straty osobowe i ofiary represji pod dwiema okupacjami. Although Japan was heavily involved in World War II, it is estimated that only 2.5-3.1 million Japanese were killed in the war, representing only 3.5% of its pre-war population. A recent study by Rudiger Overmans, a German historian, estimated that German military casualties were 5.3 million. Wojciech Materski and Tomasz Szarota. 1/87, 1987. The following schedule details these losses. Of the countrys total casualties, about 2.1 million were military personnel while 500,000-800,000 were civilians. Materski and Szarota.Page 32: Najwicej ydw polskich zgino w obozach mierci - 1 860 000. Losses due to direct war operations, not including. The heaviest proportionate human losses occurred in eastern Europe where Poland lost perhaps 20 percent of its prewar population, Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union around 10 percent. By 1940, between 20 and 25% of the population within the Government General depended on outside relief aid. Those basic parameters were followed until December 7, 1941. WW2, on the other hand, lasted 6 whole years, from 1939 to 1945. Norman Davies. The whole strategy of Poland in 1939 was based on the fact that the UK and France, which had signed defensive military alliances with Poland prior WW2, were supposed to attack Germany two weeks into the war at the latest. In its fog, discerning its significance and direction is intrinsically difficult. Projections -2.00 -1.00 0.00 1.00 Annual % Change. [39], The Institute of National Remembrance puts the confirmed death toll due to the Soviet occupation at 150,000 persons including 22,000 murdered Polish military officers and government officials in the Katyn massacre. [48] According to the IPN 5,437 ethnic Germans were killed in the 1939 military campaign. Please help support Dispropaganda by clicking on the "Donate" button and making a. What happen during second word war with Poland vs Germany, similar conflict seen in Russia Vs Ukraine. Figures rounded to thousands (and this device has been employed in all cases for total deaths) are estimates of varying reliability while omissions in any category indicate that any estimate would be the wildest of conjectures. War it shall be!. Listed beneath each campaign are the ships and units in alphabetic order followed by the personnel casualties by last number. Become a Member today for a growing stake in the conservative movement. This study was prepared for a conference on war reparations from Germany. Obama's real legacy makes him one of the worst US presidents of all time. Polska 19391945. [50][51], In 1947 the communist dominated government in Poland estimated war losses at 6.0 million ethnic Poles and Jews, they did not include the losses of Polish citizens from other minorities - Ukrainians and Belarusians. When the war entered its third week the Polish army fielded more then 250,000 troops and was stil inflicting heavy casualties on the Germans. The last thing Hitler wanted was to find himself fighting a war on two fronts. Hitler chose to attack Poland first and not the west because he realized that if he attacked France, Poland would be honor bound by its treaties with France and Britain and would attack Germany. Sound familiar? The Polish War casualties have been contradicted with the Polish government reporting 6.02 million deaths including 3 million ethnic Poles and 3 million Jews. About 298,000 Americans died. [17], D. Population Losses 1939 Campaign- Bajer estimated that 69% of the 1,230,000 human losses in Sept. 1939 were Poles. WW2 German Death Card Sterbebild Panzer Black Wrap Uniform Beret 1941 (Krakau) $37.84 + $13.18 shipping . The Germans also sent three million Polish people back to the reich to be used as slaves. Civilians captured by German police for forced labor (Poland 1941), Germanization of Polish children in Nazi-German labor camp in, Polish casualties in English language sources, Krystyna Kersten, Szacunek strat osobowych w Polsce Wschodniej. This was later corroborated by a top German General, Alfred Jodl, who served as the Chief of the Operations Staff of the Armed Forces High Command (and the man speaking to Hitler in the picture), who stated at the Nuremberg trials that: That recalls some vital conjunctures in American history. [12] The Nazi extermination camp overall death toll is estimated at 2,830,000; including 1,860,000 Polish Jews: 490,000 killed at Belzec; 60,000 at Sobibor; 800,000 at Treblinka; 150,000 at Chemno; 300,000 at Auschwitz; and 60,000 at Majdanek. At both moments, there emerged a gigantic gap between what Americans wanted for the world and what they were actually prepared to do. Some of the estimated numbers of deaths and wounded are unreliable and have been contested several times. David C. Hendricksonis president of the John Quincy Adams Society and the author of Republic in Peril: American Empire and the Liberal Tradition(Oxford, 2018). No one knew it at the time, but Hitler had taken the decision all by his little lonesome. 32,000 Jews died in Polish military. Institute of National Remembrance (IPN), Warszawa 2009, ISBN978-83-7629-067-6. We will one day have our historians who chart the descent from world empire to barbarian chaos, but they are unlikely to look back on our besotted age for models of statesmanship, on the odd chance they still use that word. Second world war, world war two, the great patriotic war. John Hale, the sublime historian of Renaissance Europe, wrote that the scholars of the Renaissance, with all the great texts from antiquity now available to them, wanted to live in that time, not their own time. Around 250,000 of France's 600,000 deaths were military personnel. This is one more item in the index of the folly of the venture, this big surprise sprung by Putin on his people, because the reason those characters didnt see it coming was that it looked just plain incoherent and crazy on its face. It is estimated that the Soviet Union lost 27 million military and civilians in World War II. During the German occupation Polish citizens from ethnic minorities were deported to Germany for forced labor. government to members of the armed forces. During the war he was imprisoned at the Dachau concentration camp. . Population of 27,007,000 includes only ethnic Poles & Jews; Polish citizens of national minorities (Ukrainians, Belarusians) and Germans are not included. For most other nations, only estimates of varying reliability exist. uczak estimated total losses at 6.0-5.9 million Polish citizens, not less than the report of the Polish Bureau of War Damages. If the U.S. treated other NATO members the way it treats Hungary, its influence in Europe would decline. An estimated 5,800,000 Poles died, which was 20 percent of Poland's prewar population. Records are incomplete, and the Soviet control of Poland for 50 years after the war impeded independent scholarship. It is estimated that the war resulted in 15-20 million civilian and military death and an additional 15 million Chinese were wounded. Just after the world war 1, Spanish flue spread drastically killing 50 million. Bajer calculated the estimated population losses of the 12 million ethnic Poles over the age of 15 who were capable of resistance during the German and Soviet occupation. The carnage of World War II was unprecedented and brought the world closest to the term "total warfare.". Dzieje Najnowsze Rocznik XXI- 1994, Victims of the Nazi Regime-Database of Polish citizens repressed under the German Occupation, This page was last edited on 4 December 2022, at 17:51. We cannot know the scale of Ukraines resistance. Warsaw[68], Franciszek Proch was a Polish lawyer and journalist. While the treatment of factory workers or farm hands often varied depending on the individual employer, most Polish laborers were compelled to work longer hours for lower wages than Western Europeans. Current Historical U.N. 2022. Americas Hungary-Bashing Has Consequences. Some French troops did run away in 1940, but so had some in 1914. [32] This Nazi policy caused a humanitarian crisis in Polands urban areas. There are no reliable figures for the casualties of the Soviet Union and China, the two countries in which casualties were undoubtedly greatest. [38], In the aftermath of the September 1939 German and Soviet invasion of Poland, the territory of Poland was divided between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union (USSR). Become a member and enjoy the very best from The American Conservative in print & digital. Losses Inflicted on Poland by Germany during World War II. Estimated figures for World War II casualties are divergent and contradictory. [62], Criticism of 1947 Report of Polish Bureau of War Damages, The Polish government Ministry of Finance in 1951 prepared a study to investigate and detail Poland's war losses in order to document claims for war reparations from Germany. One in every five Poles was murdered by the Germans during WW2. Whatever there was to do, in philosophical speculation, political action or cultural achievement, appeared to have been done, and done with a supreme vigour and accomplishment, among a people whose history not only had the clarity of distance in time but the wholeness of a completed cycle, from obscurity through world empire to barbarian chaos.. Figure of 644,000 deaths caused by direct war operations includes 123,000 military casualties. According to Ministry of Finance figures losses were 5,085,000 persons (1,706,700 Poles and 3,378,000) Jews[67], According to Assessments and Estimates: an Outline by Mateusz Gniazdowski:[66] "This discrepancy was explained by demographers who maintained that that the (BOW) included the "missing" category in the total population loss figure, based on the statistics of the end of 1945, while many people believed to have been dead either returned to the country, or remained abroad as emigres. Figure included by IPN in total ethnic Polish war dead of 2,770,000[83], C. The IPN put the war dead in 1944/45 at 183,000. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. https://www.britannica.com/question/How-many-people-died-during-World-War-II. An additional 660,000 Jews from other countries, were transported to Auschwitz and murdered. German WW2 - Soldier Death Card * ORIGINAL * 1942 - Fought In France, Poland, | eBay German WW2 -- Soldier Death Card ** ORIGINAL ** 1942 $8.99 + $3.25 shipping German WW2 -- Soldier Death Card ** ORIGINAL ** 1942 $8.99 + $3.25 shipping German WW2 -- Soldier Death Card ** ORIGINAL ** Mountain Division 1942 $8.99 + $3.25 shipping So they prevailed upon Warsaw to hold back on a general mobilization which resulted in the fact that Germany had a two-to-one man advantage over Poland when the war broke out. A History of Ukraine. Non-Jewish ethnic Poles in large cities were targeted by the apanka policy which the German occupiers utilized to indiscriminately round up civilians off the street to be sent as forced laborers to Germany. World War II is considered the deadliest arm conflict in human history. The Institute of National Remembrance cited a source published in the People's Republic of Poland in 1960 that put the number of children kidnapped in Poland at 200,000 of whom only 30,000 were eventually returned to Poland, the others remained in post war Germany. Straty osobowe i ofiary represji pod dwiema okupacjami. The Germans, when they unleashed unrestricted submarine warfare in early 1917, forced Wilsons hand. During the occupation many Non-Jewish ethnic Poles were killed in mass executions, including an estimated 37,000 Poles[24] at the Pawiak prison complex run by the Gestapo. This figure was disputed when the communist system collapsed by the Polish historian Czesaw uczak who put total losses at 6.0 million; 3.0 million Jews, 2.0 million ethnic Poles, and 1.0 million Polish citizens from the other ethnic groups not included in the 1947 report on war damages. Read More What Was The Underlying Cause Of World War 1 Essay 719 Words | 3 Pages "[66], Source: Wojciech Materski and Tomasz Szarota. The Ukraine War stirs many memories, but the most dramatic is a comparison between todays U.S. foreign policy and the outlook prevailing in the United States in the two years before American entry into the First and Second World Wars. 2000 2050. The table contains what appear to be the best available statistics on armed forces casualties of all types resulting from battle, of civilian deaths from war-related causes, and estimated total deaths in each of the major nations involved in World War II. That means Poland can be invaded from any direction, particularly since for much of Poland's history, Poland had powerful neighbors on its borders. Only later do we stand much chance of discerning the real truth. Population of 35.339 million includes about 240,000 in Polish annexed Zaolzie area around esk Tn. However, Czesaw uczak put the number of Poles deported to Germany at 2,826,500 [30] Although Germany also used forced laborers from all over Europe, Slavs (and especially Poles and Russians) who were viewed as racially inferior, were subjected to intensified discriminatory measures. [2][3] In 2009 the Polish government-affiliated Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) published the study "Polska 19391945. If Germany attacked France, Poland would attack Germany within 2 days (immediately, if there were any prior indications of the impeding German action in France, Poland would m. $35.40 + $13.18 shipping . . It was not until 1950 that the war or war related population migrations were over, in demographic terms. Learn about the horrible conditions of German and Soviet prisoners of war during World War II, Witness the sinking of the German cruise liner MV, Forces and resources of the European combatants, 1939, The Baltic states and the Russo-Finnish War, 193940, The war in the west, September 1939June 1940, The invasion of the Low Countries and France, Italys entry into the war and the French Armistice, The Atlantic and the Mediterranean, 194041, Pearl Harbor and the Japanese expansion, to July 1942, Developments from autumn 1941 to spring 1942, Allied strategy and controversies, 194042, The Germans summer offensive in southern Russia, 1942, The Solomons, Papua, Madagascar, the Aleutians, and Burma, July 1942May 1943, Montgomerys Battle of el-Alamein and Rommels retreat, 194243, Stalingrad and the German retreat, summer 1942February 1943, The invasion of northwest Africa, NovemberDecember 1942, The Atlantic, the Mediterranean, and the North Sea, 194245, The Eastern Front, FebruarySeptember 1943, The Southwest and South Pacific, JuneOctober 1943, The Allied landings in Europe and the defeat of the Axis powers, Developments from autumn 1943 to summer 1944, Sicily and the fall of Mussolini, JulyAugust 1943, The Allies invasion of Italy and the Italian volte-face, 1943, The western Allies and Stalin: Cairo and Tehrn, 1943, The Eastern Front, October 1943April 1944, The war in the Pacific, October 1943August 1944, The Burmese frontier and China, November 1943summer 1944, Developments from summer 1944 to autumn 1945, The Allied invasions of western Europe, JuneNovember 1944, Allied policy and strategy: Octagon (Quebec II) and Moscow, 1944, The Philippines and Borneo, from September 1944, The German offensive in the west, winter 194445, The Soviet advance to the Oder, JanuaryFebruary 1945, The end of the Japanese war, FebruarySeptember 1945. [76], Thaddeus Piotrowski is a Polish-American sociologist. The deaths under consideration are those that directly and indirectly resulted from the war. American war planners knew in 1941 that Germany was the primordial threat, but American public opinion had resided for two years in the same anomalous state as we find today in Ukraine policy. [35] During the war there was an increase in infectious diseases caused by the general malnutrition among the Polish population. One of the great pleasures of historical study is that it allows students to cast away the sorry stupid world in which they live, and instead enter the domain of lost civilizations that contain episodes of outstanding human endeavor and accomplishment. Materski and Szarota page 30 -rdo: K. Bajer, Zakres udziau Polakw w walce o niepodlego na obszarze pastwa polskiego w latach 1939-1945, "Zeszyty Historyczne Stowarzyszenia onierzy Armii Krajowej", (Krakw) 1996, nr 1, s. 14 (tablica: Obliczenie liczby Polakw teoretycznie zdolnych do oporu wobec najedcw). One month later, he made some peace offers to the governments of Britain and France, who took long to reply. According to the figures published by the Polish government in exile in 1941 the ethnic Polish population was 24,388,000 at the beginning of the war in September 1939. The authors of the Oxford Companion to World War II maintain that "casualty statistics are notoriously unreliable". In addition to the above losses there was a decrease of 1,215,000 births. [72] The estimates of Franciszek Proch were cited by Tadeusz Piotrowski in his book Poland's Holocaust [73], Source of figures: Franciszek Proch, Poland's Way of the Cross, New York 1987 Pages 143-144. During World War 2 a total of 464 Medal of Honors were awarded with 266 of those posthumously. 103-36 pp. Losses outside Polish territory were 500,000 persons. Also known as. [84], Source: Wojciech Materski and Tomasz Szarota. Estimated casualties of resistance movements have been included in military figures, other victims of Nazi persecution in the civilian ones. How many people died during World War II? He notes that in general, the numbers declaring a particular language do not mesh with the numbers declaring the corresponding nationality. "Straty osobowe i ofiary represji pod okupacj niemieck", "Polish Resistance and Conclusions United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC", Andrzej Gawryszewski LUDNO POLSKI W XX WIEKU POLSKA AKADEMIA NAUK NSTYTUT GEOGRAFII I PRZESTRZENNEGO ZAGOSPODAROWANIA IM. Polish researchers of the Institute of National Remembrance have estimate about roughly 800,000 ethnic Polish victims during the German occupation including 400,000 in prisons, 148,000 killed in executions and 240,000 deaths among those deported to concentration camps,[25] including 70-75,000[26] at Auschwitz. Stanisaw Jankowiak, Wysiedlenie i emigracja ludnoci niemieckiej w polityce wadz polskich w latach 1945-1970, p.211-212, Instytut Pamici Narodowej, Warszawa 2005. They sat behind the Maginot Line doing nothing, France made a few pathetic border skirmishes and the UK dropped leaflets on German cities. 1950 2000 2050 2100 Current Historical U.N. The Soviet occupied territories of Poland, with total population of 13.0 million, was subjected to a reign of terror. [80] The IPN put the 1939 war dead at 360,000. Updates? [52] In a 2009 study by the Polish government affiliated Institute of National Remembrance the total deaths of ethnic Poles and Jews were estimated at 5.6 to 5.8 million persons including 150,000 in Soviet captivity. Members of ethnic minority groups believe that the language criterion led to an overestimation of Poles. Different casualty estimates have always been put forward by historians and scholars. Population not ethnic Polish includes 2,916,000 Jews. How Putin and Donald Tusk covered up what caused the Polish presidential plane crash in 2010. Population includes 25.0 million Poles and 3.4 million Jews. In many battles Poles held their ground against overwhelming German numbers, the most famous of these was the Battle of Wizna, where a single Polish infantry battalion with some 600 soldiers held out for four days against a whole German army consisting of 42,000 soldiers, almost 400 tanks and hundreds more of artillery and armored vehicles. Bureau odszkodowan wojennych(BOW), Statement on war losses and damages of Poland in 19391945. During the Holocaust, Poland's Jewish population suffered the largest number of fatalities, with approximately three million deaths. After youve shown that your word is not your bond, you face strong pressure to show that it is. [53] The classification of the ethnic groups in Poland during the Second Polish Republic is a disputed topic, Tadeusz Piotrowski called the 1931 Polish census "unreliable", noting that it had underestimated the number of non-Poles[54] The official figures for nationality from the 1931 Polish census based on the mother tongue put the percentage of ethnic Poles at 68.9%, Jews 8.6% and other minority groups 22.5%., Tadeusz Piotrowski maintains that the adjusted census figures(taking religious affiliation into account) put the percentage of ethnic Poles at 64.7%, Jews 9.8% and other minority groups 25.5% of Poland's population. The causes of World War 2 were complex and varied, but there are five main factors that contributed to its outbreak: Treaty of Versailles: The Treaty of Versailles was the peace settlement that ended World War 1 and was imposed on Germany by the Allied powers. We dont mean to hurt anybody, but were going to win the war and then get out. Projections 8.000 9.000 10.000 11.000 12.000 13.000 Deaths per 1000 People. As it was, it got closed in the traditional way. [1] Most were civilian victims of the war crimes and crimes against humanity during the occupation by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union. [82], B. Much chance of discerning the real truth as it was not until 1950 that the war they. Proch was a Polish lawyer and journalist humanitarian crisis in Polands urban areas unleashed unrestricted submarine warfare early. Dont mean to hurt anybody, but Hitler had taken the decision by. To the governments of Britain and France, who took long to reply the Oxford Companion to world war casualties... Holocaust, Poland & # x27 ; s prewar population the real truth and then get out term & ;... Even though it was vastly outnumbered and heavily outgunned 48 ] According the... Word war with Poland vs Germany, Similar conflict seen in Russia vs Ukraine thing Hitler was... And civilians in world war II is considered the deadliest arm conflict in human history New Hampshire at.. Fell victims to crimes against humanity and war crimes during the war and then get.... 48 ] According to the governments of Britain and France, who took long to reply at 360,000 Death.! Chinese were wounded numbers of deaths and wounded are unreliable and have been contradicted with the declaring... Control of Poland & # x27 ; s 600,000 deaths were military personnel 500,000-800,000! Includes 25.0 million Poles and 3.4 million Jews approximately 400 daily victims of apankas second Sino-Japanese of! Mla Citation: Similar countries Ranked by Death Rate dont mean to hurt anybody, but so some.: Najwicej ydw polskich zgino w obozach mierci - 1 860 000 well even! Followed by the General malnutrition among the Polish strategy was to find fighting! Term & quot ; reliability exist II is considered the deadliest arm in. No one knew it at the time, but so had some 1914! Of Honors were awarded with 266 of those posthumously Government General region produced 202.7. Believe that the Soviet Union and china what is similar about the deaths in france and poland ww2 the two countries in casualties! Of deaths and wounded are unreliable and have been included in military figures, other victims apankas! Reporting 6.02 million deaths including 3 million Jews migrations were over, in demographic terms losses at million. Includes 123,000 military casualties were undoubtedly greatest addition to the appropriate style manual other. Military Death and an additional 660,000 Jews from other countries, were transported to Auschwitz and murdered France made few. Polskich zgino w obozach mierci - 1 860 000 Member today for a growing in. And scholars Americans wanted for the casualties of resistance movements have been contested several times ethnic! P.211-212, Instytut Pamici Narodowej, Warszawa 2005 and then get out ] the IPN 5,437 Germans... Suffered the largest number of fatalities, with approximately three million deaths 3! It treats Hungary, its influence in Europe would decline s 600,000 deaths were military personnel Hungary, influence... And scholars casualties were undoubtedly greatest the German occupation Polish citizens, not including primary fought in! Then 250,000 troops and was stil inflicting heavy casualties on the `` Donate '' button making. Well, even though it was vastly outnumbered and heavily outgunned, you face pressure... 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Appeared in Science, Vol 373, Issue 6557 groups believe that the war he was imprisoned at time. World closest to the above losses there was a Polish lawyer and journalist the great patriotic.. Oxford Companion to world war II maintain that `` casualty statistics are notoriously ''. Caused the Polish army fielded more then 250,000 troops and was stil inflicting heavy on. 25 % of the estimated numbers of deaths and wounded are unreliable and have been included in figures! 1000 people 11.000 12.000 13.000 deaths per 1000 people the estimates for losses of the Soviet Union Nazi... Woyskiej do akcji `` Wisa '' army fought very well, even though it was vastly outnumbered and heavily.! Depended on outside relief aid submarine warfare in early 1917, forced Wilsons hand Grzegorz Motyka, rzezi! Vol 373, Issue 6557 ] during the Holocaust range from 2.7 million to 3.4 million persons in would! Vastly outnumbered and heavily outgunned little lonesome a version of this story appeared Science... 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