potassium citrate vs potassium chloride vs potassium gluconate
However, most people will not take more than 100 mEq a day. Granchi D, Caudarella R, Ripamonti C, et al. Ann Intern Med 1997;126:497-504. Potassium comes in a few different forms, including potassium citrate and potassium gluconate. 50. In a 2015 case-cohort study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Norfolk study, which included 5,319 individuals, dietary intakes of potassium (alone or combined with intakes of magnesium) were found to be inversely associated with heel bone (calcaneus) broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) measurements (a predictor of the risk of incidental fracture) and risk of hip fracture in women but not in men (23). It helps maintain the water balance inside the cells and is essential in the transmission of nerve impulses. Copyright 2023 Leaf Group Ltd., all rights reserved. In general, the daily minimum requirement for intake of potassium is 3,000 to 3,750 mg per day, or 30-40 mEq/day. Its used to replenish low blood potassium, to maintain normal levels, or to avoid potassium depletion during specific drug therapies and certain diseases. Therefore, here is a complete list of foods rich in potassium: flax seeds, pistachios, beet greens, raisins, almonds, oat bran, dates, white beans, lima beans, spinach, soybeans, chia seeds, avocado, sweet potatoes, potatoes, kiwi, prunes,lentils, bananas, broccoli, onion, chickpeas, cantaloupe, winter squash, celery, apricots,orange, mango,radish, tomatoes, millet, strawberries, pineapples, pear, and apples. Your doctor may change the dose if needed. Rashes may occasionally occur. Purdue University, Copyright 2001-2023 Linus Pauling Institute. Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Potassium Supplement (Oral Route, Parenteral Route). J Am Soc Hypertens. Potential side effects of potassium citrate and potassium gluconate include: Taking a lower dose of potassium citrate or potassium gluconate can help dissipate these side effects. A review of CLU Working Group. Your doctor may change the dose if needed. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2018. It contains only 16.69% potassium by mass. Potassium chloride is 52% potassium by mass while potassium gluconate contains 16.7% elemental potassium by mass. 2014;24(12):1253-1261. Potassium citrate: treatment and prevention of recurrent calcium nephrolithiasis. To learn more, please visit our. Although we strive to deliver accurate and up-to-date information, no guarantee to that effect is made. WebFrom birth to 6 months of age, the recommended daily intake for potassium is 500 mg. For ages 7 months to 1 year, the recommended intake is 700 mg. Should i take potassium chloride or potassium gluconate ? Macdonald HM, Black AJ, Aucott L, et al. : Nuts, seeds, and whole-grain cereals (especially oats and barley): A prolonged bout of vomiting or diarrhea can also cause hypokalemia. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Effect of potassium citrate supplementation or increased fruit and vegetable intake on bone metabolism in healthy postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. 23 years experience. I discuss this in more detail in the sections below. Why the Relationship Between Potassium and Sodium Matters. First and foremost, potassium chloride contains farmore elemental potassium than potassium gluconate does. I read an Article on a pharmaceutical blog comparing potassium gluconate to POT chloride. Adults and teenagers25 or 50 milliequivalents (mEq) dissolved in one-half to one glass of cold water, taken one or two times a day. Consuming food shortly before taking these supplements or drugs may also help. Jackson SL, Cogswell ME, Zhao L, et al. Thanks. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/facts.htm. Potassium salt can be bought from a number of retailers including Amazon, Walmart, and Instacart. So, you would need to take around 4,700 mg of your potassium gluconate supplement to equal the amount of elemental potassium (~780 mg) in your 20 mEq potassium chloride pill. Symptoms of hyperkalemia may include tingling of the hands and feet, muscular weakness, and temporary paralysis. Never disregard or delay professional medical advice in person because of anything on HealthTap. Intestinal ulceration has been reported after the use of enteric-coated potassium chloride tablets. Potassium chloride contains 52.44% potassium by mass (which is calculated from the total molecular weight of potassium chloride). Potassium Intake of the US Population: What We Eat In America, NHANES 2009-2010. HealthTap uses cookies to enhance your site experience and for analytics and advertising purposes. This medicine must be diluted in at least one-half glass (4 ounces) of cold water or juice to reduce its possible stomach-irritating or laxative effect. Newberry SJ, Chung M, Anderson CAM, et al. Various mechanisms explain how certain medications can lead to potassium depletion. Potassium is a mineral that is found in many foods and is needed for several functions of your body, especially the beating of your heart. The FNB did not find sufficient evidence to determine an Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) and derive a Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA); instead, they established an adequate intake (AI) based on median intakes in generally healthy people (Table 1) (9). 2. 1993;123(9):1623-1626. It is used when your urine is too acidic. Filippini T, Violi F, D'Amico R, Vinceti M. The effect of potassium supplementation on blood pressure in hypertensive subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Vinceti M, Filippini T, Crippa A, de Sesmaisons A, Wise LA, Orsini N. Meta-analysis of potassium intake and the risk of stroke. 23. DOI: 10.3390/nu4122097. Oregon State University, Reviewed in April 2019 by Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Potassium chloride is a common supplement given to people with low potassium levels who also have reduced blood levels of chloride. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. One of the main reasons potassium drops too low, regardless of diet, is due to the medications patients are taking, most notably diuretics. Certain other medications as well are known to cause potassium loss including many drugs used in the treatment of cancer. The use of more potent potassium supplements in potassium deficiency requires close monitoring of serum potassium concentrations. Potassium chloride and potassium gluconate are both used to treat and prevent hypokalemia. The presence of potassium is also required for the activity of pyruvate kinase, an important enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism (5). Licorice contains a compound (i.e., glycyrrhizic acid) with similar physiologic effects to those of aldosterone, a hormone that increases urinary excretion of potassium. Potassium chloride is a form of potassium for people who have low levels of potassium, also known as hypokalemia. As medications, potassium citrate and potassium chloride treat different conditions. For long-acting oral dosage form (extended-release tablets): Adults and teenagers6.7 to 20 mEq taken three times a day. You may hyperlink to this website but must include the following statement: "This link leads to a website provided by the Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University. If you are on a salt (sodium)-restricted diet, check with your doctor before using tomato juice to dilute your medicine. It is responsible for transmission of electrical impulses in the heart which control heart beat. Potassium electrolyte helps the muscles to contract or relax by controlling the transport Estimated 24-hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion in US adults. Therefore: Below is the complete breakdown of the common potassium chloride strengths: Potassium gluconate contains much less potassiumby mass than potassium chloride. 2018;319(12):1209-1220. Potassium is an essential mineral that is classified as an electrolyte. 2018;53(5):184-195. Are potassium chloride and potassium citrate interchangeable? Edamame. (PubMed). We answer our latest question regarding the difference between dietary potassium from foods and potassium medication to treat hypokalemia (low potassium). Potassium chloride is 52% elemental potassium by mass while potassium gluconate is only 16.7% elemental potassium by mass. He's answered thousands of medication and pharmacy-related questions and he's ready to answer yours! Pak CY, Peterson R, Sakhaee K, Fuller C, Preminger G, Reisch J. It is used when your urine is too acidic. (PubMed), 30. Food and Nutrition Board, National Academy of Medicine. Potassium citrate is used to treat a kidney stone condition called renal tubular acidosis. 2015;2(1). Some tablets may be broken or crushed and sprinkled on applesauce or other soft food. In: Stipanuk M, ed. Adults and teenagers20 milliequivalents (mEq) diluted in 2 tablespoonfuls or more of cold water or juice, taken two to four times a day. (PubMed), 20. delivers a much larger dose but has problems with gastrointestinal side effects. Potassium citrate may be added to foods to enhance flavor, add potassium or regulate acidity. Am J Med Sci. The Linus Pauling Institute recommends the consumption of a diet high in potassium-rich foods (see Sources), especially fruit, vegetables, nuts, and dairy products to ensure adequate potassium intakes. (PubMed), 45. Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium - uncorrected proofs. Staff. See the section on Drug interactions for a discussion of the medications that increase the risk of hyperkalemia. However, most people will not take more than 100 mEq a day. government site. My pain doctor just prescribed me gabapentin. However, check with your doctor or pharmacist first, since this should not be done for most tablets. At Healthfully, we strive to deliver objective content that is accurate and up-to-date. Descriptions. Additionally, it has the capacity to attach to calcium in the urine, therefore, it prevents the formation of mineral crystals which can develop into the painful kidney stones. However effective the DASH diet is, the blood pressure-lowering effects can hardly be solely attributed to potassium intakes (40). Copyright 2023 YOUR HEALTH REMEDY. Curhan GC, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ. What is Potassium Citrate? (PubMed), 24. Nutrients. Potassium citrate and potassium chloride can cause allergic reactions in some people. Multivitamin-mineral supplements in the US do not contain more than 99 mg of potassium per serving (50). According to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, the recommended daily intake of this mineral is 4,700 milligrams, however, most people in the United States consume barely half that amount. People with hyperkalemia, or too much potassium, should not take either potassium citrate or potassium chloride. From retail, clinical, program development, and administrative responsibilities, he's your knowledgeable and go-to source for all your pharmacy and medication-related questions! 2008;88(2):465-474. Mistake? Urolithiasis. AHRQ Comparative Effectiveness Reviews. However, most people will not take more than 100 mEq a day. Potassium is important for good body health and is necessary for the heart, kidneys and other organs to work well together. Accessed 11/19/18. Its used to replenish low blood potassium, to maintain normal levels, or to avoid potassium depletion during specific drug therapies and certain diseases. Thus, the ability of thiazide to lower the urinary saturation of calcium oxalate was accentuated by potassium citrate supplementation but not by potassium chloride supplementation, probably owing to increased citrate complexation of calcium. In individuals with a history of developing calcium-containing kidney stones, increased dietary acid load has been significantly associated with increased urinary calcium excretion (18). Drug information provided by: Merative, Micromedex. Shattock MJ, Ottolia M, Bers DM, et al. Your doctor may change the dose if needed. Created for people with ongoing healthcare needs but benefits everyone. It is used to treat a kidney stone In 2016, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) required manufacturers to display potassium content of foods on the Nutrition Facts food label (48). Nutr Today. DASH Collaborative Research Group. To 20 mEq taken three times a day, Sakhaee K, Fuller C et... Of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine including potassium citrate: treatment and prevention of recurrent nephrolithiasis... And he 's answered thousands of medication and pharmacy-related questions and he 's ready answer. 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