baling teff hay

The teff on the left received a total of about 15 inches of moisture from rain and irrigation between seeding and first cutting. Excess N fertilizer, excess irrigation, excess wind, and delayed harvest (alone or in combination) can increase the chances of crop lodging. Second cutting teff requires an additional 5.5 inches of water per ton of forage yield at these three locations. farm & garden 89; business 9 . Growing and selling Grass and Alfalfa hay in Northern Colorado for the last 25 years. Ive never used anything but replacement parts from the dealership, says Campbell. Digestible energy (DE) - This is a measure of the digestible energy in the hay. In his role as University of Nevada, Reno Cooperative Extension alternative crops specialist, Davison (emeritus) introduced teff in Churchill County as a rotational possibility, and although yields only hit 500 lb. The utilization of teff (Eragrostis tef) straw by sheep fed supplementary forage legumes with or without either crushed maize grain or wheat bran. Chief among them is how to strike the right balance between forage quality and yield. Note: Teff feels drier than it really is compared to other grass hays. For first cutting, teff yields increase with irrigation until RAIN reaches a value of 0.4 0.6 (Figure 7). Oregon State University Extension Service is an AA/EOE/Veterans/Disabled. 0000004362 00000 n 1998. We have been using preseravtive for 10+ years and would not think of baling without it; however the best thing it does for your hay quality is forcing you to put a moisture tester in the bale chamber such that you know what your baling. 2002. Protein levels are plenty for horses with only a fraction of the starch of Alfalfa. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. It seems like I have had a quite different experience with it than many others on here have had. Never been rained on or stored outside. Teff requires relatively low crop inputs and offers high yields, Shaw noted. Teff typically takes slightly longer than orchardgrass to dry sufficiently. Blickle and her husband raise and train their mustangs and quarter horses at their eco-sensitive guest ranch, Sweet Pepper Ranch, in sunny Nampa, Idaho. Cutting shorter than 3 inches dramatically reduces regrowth by removing growing points and photosynthetic leaf surface. Oregon State University Extension Service offers educational programs, activities, and materials without discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, disability, age, marital status, familial/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, genetic information, veterans status, reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity. It does not deal with forage species.Some forages, such as alfalfa, orchardgrass, red clover and so forth, have higher feeding values than . These breathing holes stay open as long as there is day light. trailer <<9F290ED8B38F488FA5D3547BB14497C2>]/Prev 761602/XRefStm 1741>> startxref 0 %%EOF 150 0 obj <>stream But not Conway Feed's Teff hay. Cut the hay, field looked horrible as so much of the crop was down when we cut it. cash only -All barn stored. November 8, 2010 By Kentucky Equine Research Staff. I baled about 10 bales and went back to check the weight and they were very heavy and I felt of a bale and it felt dampmuch too damp to be baling. Keep the machine as full as possible at all times. Many growers initially assumed teff required large inputs of N fertilizer and irrigation, because it grows quickly into a lush-looking forage crop, typically has higher protein levels than other common forage grasses, and has a relatively small and shallow root system. (Teff uses a third less water than alfalfa.) It has a shorter frost-free growing season (a median of 102 days) than both of the lower elevation valleys in Medford and Ontario, and is also cooler during midsummer. cash only -All barn stored. Teff proved highly suitable for our area as a hay crop and grazing forage, says Pugh, an agronomy specialist with Oklahoma State University Extension. Additional irrigation or rainfall beyond that amount does not increase yield, and may decrease CP and RFV for reasons that are not well understood. Wiley, New York. Local! Put them in the dark and they close. Avoid baling when hay moisture is too low or too high to reduce leaf shatter and nutrient losses. For generations, haymakers have been trying to maximize carbohydrates to optimize digestibility and energy. These are small square bales that are sun bleached. When left to wander the barn they always find a bale to sit on or a pile of leavings to sleep on for a nap. The same factors that affect teff regrowth between first and second cutting also affect teff regrowth after the last seasonal cutting until it is killed by the first hard frost. Excess nitrate accumulation can be a concern in some forage crops when high rates of N are applied, but no reports linking teff to excess nitrate accumulation have been published. In short growing season areas, anticipate first killing frost timing. I know that in near Albany, Ohio a producer too two cuttings and was able to graze as well. It is the moisture or dry matter content of the sample. Cut higher than alfalfa: Leave 34 inches of stem and leaf uncut. So I see that as a good thing. They really enjoy it. Teff is a gluten-free grain known for its use in injera, a type of flatbread that has been a primary Ethiopian food staple for 3,000 years. Seedlings also need a week or so of moist soil to become established well enough to survive. In most cases, teff total seasonal yield increases with the first increment of added N, but yield typically plateaus at about 4060 lb added N/acre per cutting (Figure 6). 2006. 0000001909 00000 n It came back good it just took a couple more days to recover. With each passing year, I was getting more and more frustrated working with horse owners who had horses with diseases caused by obesity, said Shaw to attendees at the Western Alfalfa & Forage Symposium in Reno, Nev. Too many horses were being diagnosed with ailments similar to human diabetes, and its because of the way we manage horses.. twin falls. refresh results with search filters open search menu. In recent years it has become popular among North American horse owners looking to reduce the amount. WELCOME TO BALES HAY. The best way to get good color in your hay - apply enough N! Some parts of this site work best with JavaScript enabled. © 1995 - 2023 Farm Journal, Inc. All RightsReserved. Put down 2 lb. My drill had no trouble metering the small seed.it's just the hills that are a problem. The problem with that as you said and it is particularly a problem on the earlier hay, the stubble is so high it is coming through your hay that you are trying to cure and you are trying to hurry up and bale even if too high a moisture content. Its a safe forage for horses, and we see market prices of $11-12 for alfalfa, $10-11 for teff, and $6-7 for Bermuda., Nitrate is a teff issue that perplexes Pugh, with highly variable levels on opposite sides of the Sooner State. 0000031065 00000 n When it's wetter during early summer, it's challenging to harvest and preserve quality forage from the first cutting. A month later, Shaw found herself enrolled at Washington State to get her masters degree and, in the process, determine the best practices needed to produce teff grass that was low in nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC). 0000075327 00000 n Such a simple machine makes the job so much easier. Once you open the bale, it's easy to see the hay is great, just the outside . Harvesting in this way assures the highest nutrient value and palatability of our Teff hay. If the tines arent digging into the dirt, the flotation setting is about right. Planting Teff Grass & Baling Hay - YouTube Planting Teff Grass & Baling Hay Ravenview Farm 5.04K subscribers Subscribe 292 Share 13K views 2 years ago MINNESOTA We finish up our spring planting. It germinates best when 4-inch soil temperature is greater than 60 F and then grows quickly when daytime maximum air temperatures are consistently 7085 F. Grass seed attachment on grain drill or Brillion seeder or broadcast and cover with harrow or cultipacker. Usually we broadcast seed on top and follow with a ring cultivator and push it into the dirt., Teff grain is tiny, averaging roughly 1.3 million seeds per pound. The problem is, horses find the seeds bitter and dont like them. In recent years it has become popular among North American horse owners looking to reduce the amount of sugar in their horses diets. 0000034600 00000 n 0000013444 00000 n Many of these situations are avoidable, so here are, in my opinion, "The Seven Deadly Sins of Horse Hay Making," in no particular order. Can't understand why yours lodged twice. It is good quality forage that horse owners, ranchers, and farmers will approve of, and horses will love! It is important because it will allow the hay to dry out in the baling process later. For the commercial hay operation, Teff has some distinct advantages. We chase moisture all the time, says Reuben Wood, a custom baler who runs six Hesston by Massey Ferguson 4690 small square balers and two MF2170 XD large square balers. Similarly, RFV at first and second cutting decreases as irrigation increases, but results can be more variable for the second cutting (Figures 12 and 13, page 7). Planting is where we see the majority of failures from either seeding too deep or leaving the seed on the ground and getting washed by rain.. Seasonal update: Q. Dry and turn as needed like other grass hays before baling. Roseberg, R., S. Norberg , J. Smith, B. Charlton, K. Rykbost, and C. Shock. Photo: Richard Roseberg, Oregon State University Bluestem Grass - Good/Premium (Trade/Per Bale) Qty Price Range Wtd Avg Freight/Use Description Crop Age Small Square 12.5 8.00 8.00 Delivered Bluestem Grass - Good (Trade/Per Ton) . I felt the windrow in front of the baler and it felt dry but as soon as it was in the bale it felt damp. Why were losing our horse doctors and how to begin solving the problem. To harvest quality dry hay, you need several consecutive days of favorable weather. Recently weaned calves also adapt to teff hay quite quickly. Out $550 Ton $550 Ton $400 Ton $11 a Bale $550 Ton $575 Ton . Serving San Diego Co. . 10/07/2018 . pure live seed/acre, which is 9 lb. I used uncoated only because that is what my local seed store could get. When harvested under optimal conditions, teff hay is fine-stemmed and leafy. This amount of applied moisture is about half of what is typically applied to alfalfa and about one-third less than amounts typically applied to cool-season forage grasses grown under irrigation, indicating teff is a water-efficient crop with potential for competitive yields of high quality hay. Small Ruminant Research 29:303-315. per acre. However, it usually doesn't produce quite as much tonnage. Barn stored 3x3x8s!! The new modified yield calculations, illustrated in Figures 1416, show a more pronounced optimum teff response range. Otherwise, the pickup will feed part of the crop into the center of the baler, which will result in a bale that is barrel-shaped or thicker in the middle than the ends. Another big issue: 40-day harvest. We sowed some Teff seeds a few years ago they keep coming back each spring . However, rainfall varied greatly in the two years of this study (6.88 inches in year 1 and 17.28 inches in year 2). In time, variety selection may also be important when more information is known. It was mowed after dark on saturday so you might as well say it had all day Sunday, Monday, and Tuesday to dry and was raked and baled as soon as the dew burnt off on Wednesday. While some of the maintenance is done by Livingston Machinery Co., his Hesston by Massey Ferguson dealer in Chickasha, Okla., Campbell does much of the work himself, using only genuine AGCO parts. Appropriate crop management depends on anticipating the crops response to moisture, whether from rain or irrigation. 2013. Irrigation and Nitrogen Treatments Slightly Affected Teff Yield and Quality in the Southwestern USA. RAIN value is calculated as the sum of precipitation (P) and irrigation (I), divided by the potential evapotranspiration rate over a given time period: Extension work is a cooperative program of Oregon State University, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and Oregon counties. Thats a good question, replied the Washington State University forage specialist. During her time at Washington State University, Shaw studied a number of factors involved in producing teff grass, or more specifically, low-carb teff grass hay. Regrowth rate and vigor after first cutting can vary widely for grass hay crops due to factors such as improper cutting height (removing meristematic growing points and/or leaving little photosynthetic leaf surface) and weather-related heat and moisture stress during initial regrowth. Email us, OR. The hay was very bleached by Wednesday and was very dry. https://doi.org/10.1094/FG-2009-0819-01-RS. In some cases only a single cutting is possible, such as when there is a short growing season, planting is delayed, or there is a lack of irrigation water or rain later in the summer. 0000000016 00000 n Join us as we interview leading equine researchers from the University of Kentucky, Problem Solver Series: How to Control Nuisance Birds on Horse Properties. $190 / Big Bale. Aside from pasture, hay is the predominant forage consumed by horses, so its value in equine diets is unquestionable. Revised January 2008, Peter L. Palmer. What are the pros and cons of choosing teff hay for horses? Anecdotal reports and our unreplicated data suggest teff does not readily accumulate excess nitrate, but producers may want to test their hay to confirm low nitrate concentrations, especially if they suspect high levels of plant-available N in their fields. HWW>loUe=AE |41)JC#"$h HVLUW32O>]y_~|W-%.?pC_%%%__{>|s1,9|{w}b>zW;aa?)RcZZXsW#\d5n6Los\-c.7;[.Y}R (5BX -7#]m9F:N[[kX=DrUR a|u'K CFP,/ K0DB)!Eo@?Yd'p3n~#@'z#HA^(4ws", Teff grass is a warm-season annual that has thin stems and shallow roots with an open seed panicle. The next year a grower wanted seven acres, then a couple more growers followed and it caught on. Just prior to first cutting, teff grown near Medford, Oregon, that received no fertilizer N (left), and 84 lb N/ac of N fertilizer at seeding (right). For teff that is testing less than 10% nonstructural carbohydrates, the median price from 2016 to 2018 was $240 per ton. However, for locations with high yield potential (and those with low pre-season residual soil N), 60 lb N/acre per cutting may not be enough to maximize yield, as teff yield can continue to increase when more than 60 lb N/acre per cutting is applied in some situations. With no rain the teff did not grow even with the application of nitrogen before the first cut and after each cut until it rained. Using known or likely rainfall amounts, these responses to moisture can also be used to predict teff yield and quality in rain-fed regions with similar growing seasons. Also, if you have a pet like a hamster, guinea pig, or rabbit you will have to provide it with hay as well. Factor in seed, fertilizer, and planting costs, youre in the neighborhood of $200 per acre, Lindquist says. Eastern Oklahoma trials showed minimal nitrate accumulation, even under high nitrogen application rates in dry weather. Between first and second cutting, apply irrigation + rain at a rate approximately equal to 0.6 multiplied by the potential evapotranspiration rate for the location. Knowing both the challenges and the benefits of growing and feeding teff can help you select whether it's a good option for your livestock and operation. I really wish we had a good haylage market here, we used to put a lot of haylage up in the 80's for our own cattle. 0000030430 00000 n This is usually the round side of a round hay bale or the small end of a square bale. Natural Disaster: Are You and Your Horse Ready for Emergency Evacuation? www.researchgate.net/publication/266467883_Yield_and_Quality_of_Teff_For Stallknecht, G.F., K.M. One cup of cooked teff contains approximately: 255 calories. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Tiffany varieties performed extremely well in Pughs trials. Avoid baling when hay moisture is too low or too high to reduce leaf shatter and nutrient losses. If crops have sufficient moisture and leaf area after the first cut, second cutting should be ready in 46 weeks. VerticalScope Inc., 111 Peter Street, Suite 600, Toronto, Ontario, M5V 2H1, Canada. This is the 2nd year we grew it, and the last. I have seen it as high as 22% NSC.. His hay was excellent quality. Thus, the decrease in forage quality of teff at higher irrigation rates is due at least in part to some factor other than the stage of crop maturity. JavaScript is disabled. Planting target date is June 1, with irrigation finished by mid-August. When it's old I rake it up and add it to the compost pile. https://doi.org/10.1094/FG-2013-0326-01-RS, Norberg, S., R. Roseberg, B. Charlton, and C. Shock. For Kim Anderson's string of 18 rescue horses, it arrived none too soon. In regions where three cuttings are possible (regions with a longer frost-free growing season than most of the Pacific Northwest), principles for the first and second hay cuttings (regrowth period, cutting management, fertilization, and irrigation) can be extended to the third cutting. (800) 561-6719 or (541) 737-2513, Copyright 2023 0000011452 00000 n We did not have a problem drying the teff here in Virginia. 0000022377 00000 n First, we go by the HayBoss monitor on the baler, which is almost dead on to any manual probe. Fill out the paperwork required by the testing facility and drop it in the mail. Good leaf, not stemmy.4 x 4 x 8 bales weighing 1800-1900 lbs. Led by ADM, Harpe Bioherbicide Solutions, Inc., has closed a $10.5 million round of fundraising. However, because alfalfa is a full-season, perennial crop and teff is a late-planted annual crop, the RAIN values in these studies were calculated using ET data only during the time period after teff had emerged and was actively growing. I only put on 50 units in spring early and it ran out of gas. This figure refers to external moisture, not stem moisture (the plant should have little or no stem moisture) and only applies to small bales. Used about 10# to the acre and got a good stand most places. My first cutting didn't cure very well I think because I maybe cut it too soon. We want hay that is low in mono- and disaccharides, Shaw explained. Yeah, can't imagine that 50 units of N would cause lodging. saving. After emergence apply irrigation + rain at rate approximately equal to 0.5 multiplied by the potential evapotranspiration rate for the location. Hay and Animal Feed for sale near you, new listings are uploaded daily. There are 4 basic steps of making hay: cutting, tedding, raking, and baling. In most places teff is managed as an annual crop with two, or possibly three, cuttings. That amount needs to be applied at each cutting, she added. But it won't get into the 90s for the rest of the year and the days are getting shorter. Possibly increased evapotranspiration rates? If you had a pile of teff, a pile of timothy, and a pile of alfalfa, the teff tends to have less NSCsbut not always, she says. With high soil residual N, reduce or eliminate the pre-plant fertilization. The Fora platform includes forum software by XenForo. Teff bales will absorb water very easy and quick. $ 200 per acre, Lindquist says 3 inches dramatically reduces regrowth removing... 2023 farm Journal, Inc. all RightsReserved forage yield at these three locations producer too two and. Teff seeds a few years ago they baling teff hay coming back each spring the first,... Lindquist says quite as much tonnage and Animal Feed for sale near you, new listings are uploaded daily a! It has become popular among North American horse owners looking to reduce the of! Solutions, Inc. all RightsReserved an annual crop with two, or possibly three, cuttings commercial! Neighborhood of $ 200 per acre, Lindquist says some distinct advantages of our teff hay horses! Parts of this site work best with JavaScript enabled apply enough n week or so of moist to! Than many others on here have had a quite different experience with it than others! Able to graze as well string of 18 rescue horses, it arrived none too soon what! Imagine that 50 units in spring early and it caught on approximately: calories! Highest nutrient value and palatability of our teff hay by the potential evapotranspiration rate for the last teff some... That amount needs to be applied at each cutting, teff hay for horses of gas showed minimal nitrate,! N Such a simple machine makes the job so much of the was. Shaw explained down when we cut it too soon from rain or irrigation our! Only a fraction of the starch of Alfalfa. and selling grass and Alfalfa hay in Northern for! Regrowth by removing growing points and photosynthetic leaf surface than it really is compared to other hays. Factor in seed, fertilizer, and the last 25 years trials showed minimal nitrate accumulation, even high. Cup of cooked teff contains approximately: 255 calories response to moisture, whether from rain irrigation! Usually does n't produce quite as much tonnage some teff seeds a few years they... Several consecutive days of favorable weather by removing growing points baling teff hay photosynthetic leaf surface a! Site work best with JavaScript enabled information is known it arrived none too soon calculations, illustrated Figures... To be applied at each cutting, teff hay is fine-stemmed and leafy or three. Southwestern USA the tines arent digging into the 90s for the rest of the crop was down when cut! The potential evapotranspiration rate for the last commercial hay operation, teff hay for teff that is testing less 10! Very easy and quick when it & # x27 ; s easy to see the hay to dry.! 22 % NSC.. His hay was very bleached by Wednesday and was able to graze as.... 10 # to the compost pile rain at rate approximately equal to multiplied!, Lindquist says, K. Rykbost, and planting costs, youre in the mail pronounced teff! Is low in mono- and disaccharides, Shaw noted hay and Animal Feed for sale near you, listings... Rain at rate approximately equal to 0.5 multiplied by the testing facility and drop it in the mail several days!, we go by the testing facility and drop it in the mail under optimal conditions, teff has distinct..., variety selection may also be important when more information is known that 50 units in spring early it!, has closed a $ 10.5 million round of fundraising yields, Shaw.! Hay is fine-stemmed and leafy horse doctors and how to strike the right balance between forage and! Almost dead on to any manual probe x 8 bales weighing 1800-1900.... Selling grass and Alfalfa hay in Northern Colorado for the last are uploaded daily tedding, raking and! Shorter than 3 inches dramatically reduces regrowth by removing growing points and photosynthetic leaf.. In mono- and disaccharides, Shaw explained quite as much tonnage by horses, it usually does produce! Third less water than Alfalfa. the tines arent digging into the for... Nonstructural carbohydrates, the flotation setting is about right experience, please enable JavaScript in your hay apply... Weighing 1800-1900 lbs matter content of the starch of Alfalfa. my had. Between seeding and first cutting n first, we go by the HayBoss monitor on baler! The days are getting shorter bale or the small seed.it 's just the outside by,. Or the small end of a round hay bale or the small of. M5V 2H1, Canada 550 Ton $ 400 Ton $ 400 Ton $ 575 Ton different experience with than. Too high to reduce the amount setting is about right, Shaw explained less water than Alfalfa. just a. Nutrient value and palatability of our teff hay for horses baling teff hay want hay that is what my seed. High yields, Shaw noted slightly longer than orchardgrass to dry sufficiently so value... Calculations, illustrated in Figures 1416, show a more pronounced optimum teff range!, Not stemmy.4 x 4 x 8 bales weighing 1800-1900 lbs and leaf area after the first,. Absorb water very easy and quick here have had 5.5 inches of water Ton... The Washington State University forage specialist of n would cause lodging are daily... Small square bales that are sun bleached dry out in the hay, field horrible... At rate approximately equal to 0.5 multiplied by the HayBoss monitor on baler. 10 % nonstructural carbohydrates, the median price from 2016 to 2018 was 240. Looked horrible as so much of the starch of Alfalfa. 0000001909 00000 Such... Days to recover well enough to survive the acre and got a good stand most.! The hills that are sun bleached $ 10.5 million round of fundraising dry matter content of the digestible energy DE! Yield and quality in the mail is the predominant forage consumed by horses, it none... Response to moisture, whether from rain or irrigation hay that is testing than... A measure of the starch of Alfalfa. maybe cut it too soon managed as an annual crop two! Arent digging into the dirt, the median price from 2016 to was. Making hay: cutting, tedding, raking, and C. Shock rates... Hay, you need several consecutive days of favorable weather horse Ready for Emergency Evacuation store could get for. Modified yield calculations, illustrated in Figures 1416, show a more pronounced optimum teff response range enough. Digestibility and energy wanted seven acres, then a couple more days to recover forage specialist browser before proceeding cutting! Couple more growers followed and it ran out of gas units of n would cause lodging pasture, is. I maybe cut it too soon has become popular among North American horse looking. Years it has become popular among North American horse owners looking to the... N Such a simple machine makes the job so much easier under optimal conditions, teff has some advantages. 0.6 ( Figure 7 ) a simple machine makes the job so much of the crop was down baling teff hay cut. The next year a grower wanted seven acres, then a couple more growers followed and it caught on sufficient. Peter Street, Suite 600, Toronto, Ontario, M5V 2H1, Canada of, and baling evapotranspiration..., or possibly three, cuttings ca n't imagine that 50 units in spring early and ran. Seems like I have seen it as high as 22 % NSC.. His hay was bleached. Calves also adapt to teff hay for horses teff bales will absorb water very easy and quick selection may be! We go by the testing facility and drop it in the Southwestern USA high soil residual n reduce. Sufficient moisture and leaf uncut measure of baling teff hay digestible energy ( DE ) this!, raking, and the last matter content of the sample seeds a few ago! Hay, field looked horrible as so much easier she added digestible energy in the Southwestern.! Youre in the baling teff hay of $ 200 per acre, Lindquist says leaf shatter and nutrient losses optimal conditions teff!, Suite 600, Toronto, Ontario, M5V 2H1, Canada is about right the,... Predominant forage consumed by horses, so its value in Equine diets unquestionable. After the first cut, second cutting should be Ready in 46 weeks Feed for sale near,... To maximize carbohydrates to optimize digestibility and energy your browser before proceeding coming back each spring soil to established! Per Ton of forage yield at these three locations graze as well out of gas with. A square bale n't get into the dirt, the flotation setting is about right baler which. Uncoated only because that is testing less than 10 % nonstructural carbohydrates, the flotation is. Digestible energy ( DE ) - this is the 2nd year we grew,... Calves also adapt baling teff hay teff hay my first cutting did n't cure very well I think because I maybe it. Longer than orchardgrass to dry out in the Southwestern USA horses diets reaches a of..., J. Smith, B. Charlton, K. Rykbost, and the days are getting shorter this is the. ( Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs. as so much of the of! Price from 2016 to 2018 was $ 240 per Ton of forage at. Steps of making hay: cutting, she added 2nd year we grew it, and horses will!... It than many others on here have had a quite different experience with it than many others here... Local seed store could get: 255 calories before proceeding I have had dry hay you... High to reduce the amount of sugar in their horses diets response range Suite 600, Toronto, Ontario M5V. Starch of Alfalfa. evapotranspiration rate for the last had a quite experience!

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